What is the experience of relational depth for group psychotherapists in process-oriented groups?

This study explores the lived experiences of relational depth among group psychotherapists in long-term, process-oriented groups using van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenological approach. While relational depth has been extensively researched in individual therapy, there is a notable lack of empirical studies examining this phenomenon within group settings. Eight qualified group psychotherapists were interviewed to explore their experiences. The data were analysed using van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenology and Clarke and Braun’s thematic analysis framework (van Manen, 2014, 2016; Clarke & Braun, 2017). The findings are presented through three overarching themes: the unique nature of relational depth in group therapy, factors facilitating its development, and the dynamics of group relational depth over time.

The findings suggest that participants view relational depth as a fundamental aspect of group therapy, characterised by intricate, interwoven layers of connection that encompass both a sense of kinship and the ability to navigate tensions and differences. Relational depth often emerges when group members are fully present and engaged with meaningful, universal human experiences, such as reflecting on death or illness. Factors contributing to the development of relational depth include group members trusting, caring, showing courage, actively choosing to be present, and being open and authentic. It also involves therapists caring, showing courage, experiencing nourishment from the group, and naming what is happening within the group. The connection between group members typically deepens as the group matures, although the progression is not always linear.
This study enhances the understanding of the group therapy process and highlights potential connections between relational depth and therapeutic factors outlined in the group therapy literature, particularly the experience of cohesion. It offers implications for practice and future research in the field of group psychotherapy.