| Abstract | There has been an increasing recent work in the assessment of risk in the maritime transportation systems. Maritime transportation of goods (solid or liquid) has been since ancient times the main way of interrelation between nations and people and has given relatively substantial development in economic and financial growth. Risk is inherent in the marine transportation systems due to highly unpredictable multi functional operation in which uncertainties are very
difficult to be optimized. The presence of uncertainty in maritime activities is well recognized and two types of uncertainty considered for ship operations, aleatory
uncertainty, which represents the randomness of the system itself including conditions and working factors, and epistemic uncertainty, which represents the lack of knowledge about the system including human factors. This paper explores
the challenges of a decision making risk modelling tool for Specific Activity Risk Management as well as for Corporate Risk Management and develops a systematic way for quantification and valuation of risk levels through a ranking
and an auditing method of shipping activities and implemented SQEOH management systems core elements respectively. The paper concludes to the proposal of an Integrated Risk Management System (IRMS) plan based on a)
auditing of a weighted matrix of 20 Critical Core Elements (CCE) for Corporate Risk Management (CRM) which will identify weak risk level areas and enhance effectively and cost efficiently control options of Maritime Management for
reducing level of risk at all stages, and b) by risk correlation and ranking of the shipping activities as a Specific Activity (SAR) risk assessment with associated causes categories and risk index level so as an integrated auditing and ranking
system is created for maritime risk management (lAS MAR). The main merit of this work is the development of a risk management plan in a systematic way based on identified shipping activities with associated causes and hazards and
core elements of implemented management system standards for quality (ISO 9001), safety of crew (ISM, OHSAS 18001) and ship (ISM), environmental protection (ISO 14001) and occupational health (OHSAS 18001) in order to
model the correlated uncertainties for the assessment of Corporate risk (CRM) and Specific Activity risk (SIR) in a hierarchical, sequential and iterative process which will improve results of risk priorities and risk based decision making process (RBOM) in relation to consequences for severity level to Property, Human life and Environment. Possibility and actuality of cause correlation with
risk indexes improves the quality characteristics of risk assessment and provide an alternative reliable interpretation of traditional determination of likelihood or frequency index by taking causes parameters in to consideration in order to be
able to compare and evaluate them to select the best alternative. The developed system is a tool that assists ship managers (decision makers) in managing their risks of maritime activities systematically in real world and reduces their potential losses for specific activities or in corporate management level or combined. Its use by Ship managers, operators and employees will improve considerably "risk awareness and safety culture" and will develop sufficient knowledge and understanding of how to create an inventory of Shipping activities could lead to an incident in terms of perceived risk, to identify associated hazards (HAZIO) and
finally to evaluate and manage the risks and prioritize the risk control options (RCO) in order avoid /eliminate/ mitigate consequences and to predict causes categories which are important mainly contributing to accidents in marine
transportation systems resulting severe environmental damage and large-scale loss of life. This new culture introduced promotes in general the duty of care in safety, quality, environmental, occupational health and safety issues to ship and shore personnel.
IASMAR was developed as a method of decision modelling that would be compatible with maritime implemented and activity, task and goal oriented management system for which specific critical activity and corporate risk
management integrated and provide a feasible and effective decision making process timely supported for improving cost saving, adopting new requirements and handling successfully liabilities for crew and ship's property. It is also a self assessment plan based on core elements affecting risk awareness and management implementation in combination with corporate experience and performance levels for problem solving of preventive or mitigating plans and providing a risk based decision modelling in action and in real world for
demonstrating continuous improvement in implemented management systems. IASMAR is a plan, which quantifies and predicts the area and causation chain of an undesired event resulting from loss control or oversights and omissions within the management system. The correlation between the determined risk success score, the risk reduction level and the possibility of an event clearly defines the use in prediction of incidents and consequently the risk reduction. Various
stakeholders are interested for that and its benefits such as Ship-owners, Charterers, Insurance companies, Financial organisations, P+I clubs, Port authorities, Flag states and suppliers. The lASMAR project-rating index developed under the guidance and within the forthcoming implementation of
Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) and possibility theory. |
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