Staatliche Exportkreditgarantien im Spannungsfeld zwischen internationalen Wertschöpfungsketten und nationalem Förderauftrag. Ansätze zur Weiterentwicklung des bestehenden Modells für die deutsche Export Credit Agency

Using the example of German export credit guarantees, this study examines the current and future challenges for state export credit agencies resulting from the increasing internationalisation of national exporters. The focus is on further developing the federal promotion scheme in the area of tension between the national promotion mandate and the requirements of global value chains.
The perspective of this paper is on foreign content and local costs. Another focus is on financing by national and international banks, which is essential for export transactions. Financing bottlenecks are concretised and examined. A critical literature review reveals the lack of academic research on this field, which is essential for ECAs, banks, and academia, and thus the research gap that needs to be closed. With reference to this research gap, the thesis highlights the need for change and implementation proposals using the example of a diverse range of actors in the EU and the OECD.
The research was conducted using two methods of empirical social research. By using both qualitative methods in the form of expert interviews and quantitative methods utilizing a survey, a mixed-methods approach was realised. The survey of participants from different sectors and countries enabled a multilevel view and thus a multidimensional view of the research object. EU and OECD ECAs, industry experts as well as banks and exporters were interviewed as part of the research. This approach made it possible to question and analyse the solutions of other countries and institutions. Against the background of existing research and operational challenges, they could be put in relation to the existing model of export credit guarantees in Germany.
The study results include the definition of a new catalogue of criteria for determining eligibility, proposals and concepts regarding a paradigm shift from a national-content to a national-interest approach. The necessity of a change in individual components of the existing OECD consensus is decisively presented. To this end, possibilities of how to close financing bottlenecks are identified and already tested models of other countries are presented and examined with regard to their implementability. As a result, this work opens up a new and comprehensive view of the challenges that arise for the aforementioned institutions in a multinational environment and will continue to gain in importance in the future.