What you see is what you can change: Human-centred machine learning by interactive visualization

Article

Sacha, D., Sedlmair, M., Zhang, L., Lee, J., Peltonen, J., Weiskopf, D., North, S. and Keim, D. 2017. What you see is what you can change: Human-centred machine learning by interactive visualization. Neurocomputing. 268, pp. 164-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2017.01.105
TypeArticle
TitleWhat you see is what you can change: Human-centred machine learning by interactive visualization
AuthorsSacha, D., Sedlmair, M., Zhang, L., Lee, J., Peltonen, J., Weiskopf, D., North, S. and Keim, D.
Abstract

Visual analytics (VA) systems help data analysts solve complex problems interactively, by integrating automated data analysis and mining, such as machine learning (ML) based methods, with interactive visualizations. We propose a conceptual framework that models human interactions with ML components in the VA process, and that puts the central relationship between automated algorithms and interactive visualizations into sharp focus. The framework is illustrated with several examples and we further elaborate on the interactive ML process by identifying key scenarios where ML methods are combined with human feedback through interactive visualization. We derive five open research challenges at the intersection of ML and visualization research, whose solution should lead to more effective data analysis.

PublisherElsevier
JournalNeurocomputing
ISSN0925-2312
Electronic1872-8286
Publication dates
Online29 Apr 2017
Print13 Dec 2017
Publication process dates
Deposited27 Jan 2017
Accepted23 Jan 2017
Output statusPublished
Accepted author manuscript
License
File Access Level
Open
Copyright Statement

© 2017. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2017.01.105
LanguageEnglish
Permalink -

https://repository.mdx.ac.uk/item/86w1y

Log in to edit

Download files

Accepted author manuscript
1.pdf
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
File access level: Open

  • 27
    total views
  • 9
    total downloads
  • 6
    views this month
  • 2
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Automated identification of insight seeking behaviours, strategies and rules: a preliminary study
Hepenstal, S., Zhang, L. and Wong, B. 2021. Automated identification of insight seeking behaviours, strategies and rules: a preliminary study. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651348
Developing conversational agents for use in criminal investigations
Hepenstal, S., Zhang, L., Kodagoda, N. and Wong, B. 2021. Developing conversational agents for use in criminal investigations. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems. 11 (3-4), pp. 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1145/3444369
Providing a foundation for interpretable autonomous agents through elicitation and modeling of criminal investigation pathways
Hepenstal, S., Zhang, L., Kodagoda, N. and Wong, B. 2020. Providing a foundation for interpretable autonomous agents through elicitation and modeling of criminal investigation pathways. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. 64 (1), pp. 239-243. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641057
Pan: conversational agent for criminal investigations
Hepenstal, S., Zhang, L., Kodagoda, N. and Wong, B. 2020. Pan: conversational agent for criminal investigations. IUI '20: 25th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. Cagliari, Italy 17 - 20 Mar 2020 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). pp. 134-135 https://doi.org/10.1145/3379336.3381463
Case-based reasoning of a deep learning network for prediction of early stage of oesophageal cancer
Gao, X., Braden, B., Zhang, L., Taylor, S., Pang, W. and Petridis, M. 2020. Case-based reasoning of a deep learning network for prediction of early stage of oesophageal cancer. 24th UK Symposium on Case-Based Reasoning (UKCBR 2019). Cambridge, UK 17 Dec 2019 BCS SGAI: The Specialist Group on Artificial Intelligence. pp. 1-12
How analysts think: a preliminary study of human needs and demands for AI-based conversational agents
Hepenstal, S., Wong, B., Zhang, L. and Kodagoda, N. 2019. How analysts think: a preliminary study of human needs and demands for AI-based conversational agents. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631333
Algorithmic transparency of conversational agents
Hepenstal, S., Kodagoda, N., Zhang, L., Paudyal, P. and Wong, B. 2019. Algorithmic transparency of conversational agents. Trattner, C., Parra, D. and Riche, N. (ed.) IUI 2019 Workshop on Intelligent User Interfaces for Algorithmic Transparency in Emerging Technologies. Los Angeles, CA, USA 17 - 20 Mar 2019 CEUR Workshop Proceedings.
Towards an instrument for measuring sensemaking and an assessment of its theoretical features
Alsufiani, K., Attfield, S. and Zhang, L. 2018. Towards an instrument for measuring sensemaking and an assessment of its theoretical features. 4th International Conference on Emerging Research Paradigms in Business and Social Sciences. Dubai, UAE 16 - 18 Jan 2018
Making machine intelligence less scary for criminal analysts: reflections on designing a visual comparative case analysis tool
Jentner, W., Sacha, D., Stoffel, F., Ellis, G., Zhang, L. and Keim, D. 2018. Making machine intelligence less scary for criminal analysts: reflections on designing a visual comparative case analysis tool. The Visual Computer. 34 (9), pp. 1225-1241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-018-1483-0
Evaluating interactive visualization of multidimensional data projection with feature transformation
Xu, K., Zhang, L., Pérez, D., Nguyen, P. and Ogilvie-Smith, A. 2017. Evaluating interactive visualization of multidimensional data projection with feature transformation. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction. 1 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/mti1030013
Node overlap removal by growing a tree
Nachmanson, L., Nocaj, A., Bereg, S., Zhang, L. and Holroyd, A. 2017. Node overlap removal by growing a tree. Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications. 21 (5), pp. 857-872. https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.00442
Towards an instrument for measuring sensemaking and an assessment of its theoretical features
Alsufiani, K., Attfield, S. and Zhang, L. 2017. Towards an instrument for measuring sensemaking and an assessment of its theoretical features. 31st International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference (HCI 2017) - Digital Make-Believe. Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, UK. 03 - 06 Jul 2017 British Computer Society. pp. 1-5 https://doi.org/10.14236/ewic/HCI2017.86
Visual comparative case analytics
Sacha, D., Jentner, W., Zhang, L., Stoffel, F. and Ellis, G. 2017. Visual comparative case analytics. EuroVis Workshop on Visual Analytics. Barcelona, Spain 12 - 13 Jun 2017 The Eurographics Association. pp. 49-53 https://doi.org/10.2312/eurova.20171119
Visual interaction with dimensionality reduction: a structured literature analysis
Sacha, D., Zhang, L., Sedlmair, M., Lee, J., Peltonen, J., Weiskopf, D., North, S. and Keim, D. 2017. Visual interaction with dimensionality reduction: a structured literature analysis. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 23 (1), pp. 241-250. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2016.2598495
Spherical similarity explorer for comparative case analysis
Zhang, L., Rooney, C., Nachmanson, L., Wong, B., Kwon, B., Stoffel, F., Hund, M. and Qazi, N. 2016. Spherical similarity explorer for comparative case analysis. IS&T Electronic Imaging 2016 Conference on Visualization and Data Analysis 2016. San Francisco, CA, USA 16 - 18 Feb 2016 Society for Imaging Science and Technology. pp. 1-10 https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2016.1.VDA-496
Node overlap removal by growing a tree
Nachmanson, L., Nocaj, A., Bereg, S., Zhang, L. and Holroyd, A. 2016. Node overlap removal by growing a tree. GD16, 24th International Symposium on Graph Drawing & Network Visualization. Athens, Greece 19 - 21 Sep 2016 Springer. pp. 33-43 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50106-2_3
Human-centered machine learning through interactive visualization
Sacha, D., Sedlmair, M., Zhang, L., Lee, J., Weiskopf, D., North, S. and Keim, D. 2016. Human-centered machine learning through interactive visualization. 24th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning. Bruges, Belgium 27 - 29 Apr 2016 ESANN. pp. 641-646
Towards analytical provenance visualization for criminal intelligence analysis
Islam, J., Anslow, C., Xu, K., Wong, B. and Zhang, L. 2016. Towards analytical provenance visualization for criminal intelligence analysis. Computer Graphics & Visual Computing (CGVC) 2016. Bournemouth University, United Kingdom 15 - 16 Sep 2016 The Eurographics Association. pp. 17-24 https://doi.org/10.2312/cgvc.20161290
Interactive feature space extension for multidimensional data projection
Pérez, D., Zhang, L., Schaefer, M., Schreck, T., Keim, D. and Díaz, I. 2015. Interactive feature space extension for multidimensional data projection. Neurocomputing. 150 (Part B), pp. 611-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2014.09.061
POLAR - an interactive patterns of life visualisation tool for intelligence analysis
Kodagoda, N., Attfield, S., Nguyen, P., Zhang, L., Xu, K., Wong, B., Wagstaff, A., Phillips, G., Bulloch, J., Marshall, J. and Bertram, S. 2014. POLAR - an interactive patterns of life visualisation tool for intelligence analysis. IEEE Joint Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference. The Hague, Netherlands Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. pp. 327
VALCRI: addressing European needs for information exploitation of large complex data in criminal intelligence analysis
Wong, B., Zhang, L. and Shepherd, I. 2014. VALCRI: addressing European needs for information exploitation of large complex data in criminal intelligence analysis. European Data Forum 2014. Athens, Greece 19 - 20 Mar 2014
Wellformedness properties in Euler diagrams: which should be used?
Rodgers, P., Zhang, L. and Purchase, H. 2012. Wellformedness properties in Euler diagrams: which should be used? IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 18 (7), pp. 1089-1100. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2011.143
Inductively generating Euler diagrams
Stapleton, G., Rodgers, P., Howse, J. and Zhang, L. 2011. Inductively generating Euler diagrams. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 17 (1), pp. 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2010.28
Drawing Euler diagrams with circles: the theory of piercings
Stapleton, G., Zhang, L., Howse, J. and Rodgers, P. 2011. Drawing Euler diagrams with circles: the theory of piercings. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 17 (7), pp. 1020-1032. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2010.119
Euler graph transformations for Euler diagram layout
Rodgers, P., Stapleton, G., Howse, J. and Zhang, L. 2010. Euler graph transformations for Euler diagram layout. in: 2010 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 111-118