A proposed permissioned blockchain consensus algorithm: Consensus Algorithm Genetically Enhanced (CAGE)

Conference paper

Mitchell, I. and Maka, K. 2024. A proposed permissioned blockchain consensus algorithm: Consensus Algorithm Genetically Enhanced (CAGE). Jahankhani, H. (ed.) 15th International Conference on Global Security, Safety & Sustainability. Online 11 - 12 Oct 2023 Springer. pp. 51-64 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47594-8_3
TypeConference paper
TitleA proposed permissioned blockchain consensus algorithm: Consensus Algorithm Genetically Enhanced (CAGE)
AlternativeCAGE: Consensus Algorithm Genetically Enhanced
AuthorsMitchell, I. and Maka, K.
Abstract

Blockchain is a disruptive technology and relies on the development of consensus algorithms, CA. Currently, there are many CAs proposed and this paper explores a new avenue of nature-inspired CAs. In particular, emphasis is on selection techniques used in canonical genetic algorithms, GAs, and fatiguing.
The premise is that selection techniques used in GAs could be adapted and used to select nodes responsible for adding blocks in permissioned blockchain networks. This was then tested on a blockchain network and executed many times and compared to another CA for permission blockchain networks, Proof-of-Elapsed-Time, PoET.
The results are interesting and show an improvement in transaction throughput and block creation. Our initial results, however, had a biased node selection and could be vulnerable to take-over attacks. Therefore, a fatiguing element was introduced and the experiments were repeated with the results showing a less biased node selection.
The overall contribution is the exploration of nature as a solution to CAs. The initial results are comparable and places better than existing CAs.

KeywordsBlockchain; Consensus Algorithms; Evolutionary Computation
Sustainable Development Goals12 Responsible consumption and production
Middlesex University ThemeSustainability
Conference15th International Conference on Global Security, Safety & Sustainability
Page range51-64
Proceedings TitleCybersecurity Challenges in the Age of AI, Space Communications and Cyborgs: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Global Security, Safety and Sustainability, London, October 2023
SeriesAdvanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications
EditorsJahankhani, H.
ISSN1613-5113
Electronic2363-9466
ISBN
Hardcover9783031475931
Paperback9783031475962
Electronic9783031475948
PublisherSpringer
Publication dates
Online20 Feb 2024
Publication process dates
Deposited18 Apr 2023
Submitted06 Apr 2023
Accepted06 May 2023
Output statusPublished
First submitted version
File Access Level
Restricted
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47594-8_3
Web address (URL) of conference proceedingshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47594-8
LanguageEnglish
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