Changes in gene expression following trauma are related to the age of transfused packed red blood cells

Article


Torrance, H., Vivian, M., Brohi, K., Prowle, J., Pearse, R., Owen, H., Hinds, C. and O'Dwyer, M. 2015. Changes in gene expression following trauma are related to the age of transfused packed red blood cells. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 78 (3), pp. 535-542. https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000000534
TypeArticle
TitleChanges in gene expression following trauma are related to the age of transfused packed red blood cells
AuthorsTorrance, H., Vivian, M., Brohi, K., Prowle, J., Pearse, R., Owen, H., Hinds, C. and O'Dwyer, M.
Abstract

BACKGROUND
Transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) is associated with an increased incidence of nosocomial infections and an increased risk of death. The duration of storage before transfusion may influence these outcomes. Here, we explore the association between the age of transfused PRBCs and specific patterns of inflammatory gene expression in severely injured trauma patients.
METHODS
Severely injured trauma patients requiring intensive care unit treatment and receiving transfusion of PRBCs within 24 hours of the injury were recruited. Blood samples were obtained within 2 hours of the trauma, at 24 hours, and at 72 hours. Messenger RNA was extracted from whole blood, and gene expression was quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The median age of the units of PRBCs transfused to each patient was recorded. The primary outcome measure was the change in candidate gene expression over the initial 72 hours.
RESULTS
Sixty-four patients were studied. Fifty-three patients (83%) were male, and the median age was 40.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 31-59). Median Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 31.5 (IQR, 23-43), and 55 patients (86%) experienced a blunt injury. Forty-one patients (64%) developed a nosocomial infection, and 15 patients (23%) died before hospital discharge. Each patient received a median of 5 U of PRBCs (IQR, 4-9.8 U) during the first 24 hours of hospital admission. The median age of the units of PRBCs transfused in each patient was 20 days (IQR, 17-22 days). Older blood was associated with greater decreases in interleukin 12 (IL-12), IL-23, and RORγt (all p's < 0.05) gene expression over the initial 24 hours, greater decreases in IL-12 gene expression over 72 hours, and a rise in transforming growth factor β gene expression over the first 72 hours. A multivariate analysis confirmed the independence of these associations.
CONCLUSION
Increasing the duration of storage of PRBCs before transfusion is associated with a pattern of gene expression consistent with more severe immunosuppression.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Epidemiologic study, level III.

KeywordsBlood transfusion; helper T-cells ; age of blood; polytrauma; TRIM
PublisherLippincott, Williams and Wilkins
JournalJournal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
ISSN2163-0755
Electronic2163-0763
Publication dates
Print01 Mar 2015
Publication process dates
Deposited21 Apr 2016
Accepted01 Jan 2015
Output statusPublished
Accepted author manuscript
Copyright Statement

Attached Full Text document - This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in: Torrance, H., Vivian, M., Brohi, K., Prowle, J., Pearse, R., Owen, H.. . O'Dwyer, M. (2015). Changes in gene expression following trauma are related to the age of transfused packed red blood cells. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 78(3), 535-542. doi:10.1097/TA.0000000000000534.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000000534
PubMed ID25710424
Web of Science identifierWOS:000352072000019
LanguageEnglish
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