Nutrient removal in a combined system: vertical vegetated bed over horizontal flow sand bed
Article
Shutes, B., Kantawanichkul, S. and Neamkam, P. 2001. Nutrient removal in a combined system: vertical vegetated bed over horizontal flow sand bed. Water Science & Technology. 44 (11), pp. 137-142.
Type | Article |
---|---|
Title | Nutrient removal in a combined system: vertical vegetated bed over horizontal flow sand bed |
Authors | Shutes, B., Kantawanichkul, S. and Neamkam, P. |
Abstract | Pig farm wastewater creates various problems in many areas throughout Thailand. Constructed wetland systems are an appropriate, low cost treatment option for tropical countries such as Thailand. In this study, a combined system (a vertical flow bed planted with Cyperus flabelliformis over a horizontal flow sand bed without plants) was used to treat settled pig farm wastewater . This system is suitable for using in farms where land is limited. The average COD and nitrogen loading rate of the vegetated vertical flow bed were 105 g/m2.d and 11 g/m2.d respectively. The wastewater was fed intermittently at intervals of 4 hours with a hydraulic loading rate of 3.7 cm/d. The recirculation of the effluent increased total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency from 71% to 85%. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal efficiencies were 95% and 98%. Nitrification was significant in vertical flow Cyperus bed, and the concentration of nitrate increased by a factor of 140. The horizontal flow sand bed enhanced COD removal and nitrate reduction was 60%. Plant uptake of nitrogen was 1.1 g N/m2.d or dry biomass production was 2.8 kg/m2 over 100 days. |
Publisher | IWA Publishing |
Journal | Water Science & Technology |
ISSN | 0273-1223 |
Publication dates | |
2001 | |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 27 Aug 2009 |
Output status | Published |
Language | English |
https://repository.mdx.ac.uk/item/81w13
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