Type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the onset of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Article

Nouwen, A., Winkley, K., Twisk, J., Lloyd, C., Peyrot, M., Ismail, K. and Pouwer, F. 2010. Type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the onset of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 53 (12), pp. 2480-2486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-010-1874-x
TypeArticle
TitleType 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the onset of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AuthorsNouwen, A., Winkley, K., Twisk, J., Lloyd, C., Peyrot, M., Ismail, K. and Pouwer, F.
Abstract

Aims/hypothesis:
An earlier meta-analysis showed that diabetes is a risk factor for the development and/or recurrence of depression. Yet whether this risk is different for studies using questionnaires than for those relying on diagnostic criteria for depression has not been examined. This study examined the association of diabetes and the onset of depression by reviewing the literature and conducting a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies on this topic.
Methods:
EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycInfo were searched for articles published up to September 2009. All studies that examined the relationship between type 2 diabetes and the onset of depression were included. Pooled relative risks were calculated using fixed and random effects models.
Results:
Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. Based on the pooled data, including 48,808 cases of type 2 diabetes without depression at baseline, the pooled relative risk was 1.24 (95% CI 1.09–1.40) for the random effects model. This risk was significantly higher for studies relying on diagnostic criteria of depression than for studies using questionnaires. However, this difference was no longer significant when controlled for year of publication.
Conclusions/interpretation:
Compared with non-diabetic controls, people with type 2 diabetes have a 24% increased risk of developing depression. The mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unclear and warrant further research.

KeywordsCritical review Depression Incidence Meta-analysis Systematic review Type 2 diabetes
Research GroupApplied Health Psychology group
PublisherSpringer
JournalDiabetologia
ISSN0012-186X
Publication process dates
Deposited16 Oct 2013
Output statusPublished
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-010-1874-x
LanguageEnglish
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