More anxious than depressed: prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Article

Chaturvedi, S., Manche Gowda, S., Ahmed, H., Alosaimi, F., Andreone, N., Bobrov, A., Bulgari, V., Carrà, G., Castelnuovo, G., de Girolamo, G., Gondek, T., Jovanovic, N., Kamala, T., Kiejna, A., Lalic, N., Lecic-Tosevski, D., Minhas, F., Mutiso, V., Ndetei, D., Rabbani, G., Somruk, S., Srikanta, S., Taj, R., Valentini, U., Vukovic, O., Wölwer, W., Cimino, L., Nouwen, A., Lloyd, C. and Sartorius, N. 2019. More anxious than depressed: prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. General Psychiatry. 32 (4), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2019-100076
TypeArticle
TitleMore anxious than depressed: prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
AuthorsChaturvedi, S., Manche Gowda, S., Ahmed, H., Alosaimi, F., Andreone, N., Bobrov, A., Bulgari, V., Carrà, G., Castelnuovo, G., de Girolamo, G., Gondek, T., Jovanovic, N., Kamala, T., Kiejna, A., Lalic, N., Lecic-Tosevski, D., Minhas, F., Mutiso, V., Ndetei, D., Rabbani, G., Somruk, S., Srikanta, S., Taj, R., Valentini, U., Vukovic, O., Wölwer, W., Cimino, L., Nouwen, A., Lloyd, C. and Sartorius, N.
Abstract

Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2DM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries.
Methods People aged 18–65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women; with mean (SD) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%; however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India.
Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted.

PublisherBMJ Publishing Group Ltd
JournalGeneral Psychiatry
ISSN2517-729X
Electronic2517-729X
Publication dates
Online09 Aug 2019
Print09 Aug 2019
Publication process dates
Deposited11 Oct 2019
Accepted14 Jul 2019
Output statusPublished
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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2019-100076
LanguageEnglish
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