A cross-sectional study of depressive symptoms and diabetes self-care in African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes: the role of self-efficacy

Article

Hernandez, R., Ruggiero, L., Prohaska, T., Chavez, N., Boughton, S., Peacock, N., Zhao, W. and Nouwen, A. 2016. A cross-sectional study of depressive symptoms and diabetes self-care in African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes: the role of self-efficacy. Diabetes Educator. 42 (4), pp. 452-461. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721716654008
TypeArticle
TitleA cross-sectional study of depressive symptoms and diabetes self-care in African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes: the role of self-efficacy
AuthorsHernandez, R., Ruggiero, L., Prohaska, T., Chavez, N., Boughton, S., Peacock, N., Zhao, W. and Nouwen, A.
Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and diabetes self-care in African American and Hispanic/Latino patients with type 2 diabetes and whether the association, if any, is mediated by diabetes-related self-efficacy.
Methods
The sample included self-report baseline data of African American and Hispanic/Latino patients with type 2 diabetes who were aged ≥18 years and enrolled in a diabetes self-management intervention study. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. The Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities measured engagement in healthy eating, physical activity, blood glucose checking, foot care, and smoking. The Diabetes Empowerment Scale–Short Form assessed diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy. Indirect effects were examined with the Baron and Kenny regression technique and Sobel testing.
Results
Sample characteristics (n = 250) were as follows: mean age of 53 years, 68% women, 54% African American, and 74% with income <$20 000. Depressive symptoms showed a significant inverse association with the self-care domains of general diet, specific diet, physical activity, and glucose monitoring in the African American group. In Hispanics/Latinos, depression was inversely associated with specific diet. Self-efficacy served a significant mediational role in the relation between depression and foot care among African Americans.
Conclusions
Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between depression and foot care in the African American group but was not found to be a mediator of any self-care areas within the Hispanic/Latino group. In clinical practice, alleviation of depressive symptoms may improve self-care behavior adherence. Diabetes education may consider inclusion of components to build self-efficacy related to diabetes self-care, especially among African American patients.

Research GroupApplied Health Psychology group
PublisherSage
JournalDiabetes Educator
ISSN0145-7217
Publication dates
Online19 Jun 2016
Print01 Aug 2016
Publication process dates
Deposited22 Mar 2017
Accepted25 Apr 2016
Output statusPublished
Accepted author manuscript
Copyright Statement

Rosalba Hernandez, PhD, Laurie Ruggiero, PhD, Thomas R. Prohaska, PhD, Noel Chavez, PhD, RD, LDN, Seth W. Boughton, MSW, Nadine Peacock, PhD, Weihan Zhao, PhD, Arie Nouwen, PhD, A Cross-sectional Study of Depressive Symptoms and Diabetes Self-care in African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos With Diabetes: The Role of Self-efficacy, The Diabetes Educator,
Vol 42, Issue 4, pp. 452 - 461. Copyright © 2016 The Author(s) . Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721716654008
LanguageEnglish
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