The effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: evidence for the role of within-compound associations

Article


Reynolds, G. and Reed, P. 2018. The effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: evidence for the role of within-compound associations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition. 44 (3), pp. 293-308. https://doi.org/10.1037/xan0000175
TypeArticle
TitleThe effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: evidence for the role of within-compound associations
AuthorsReynolds, G. and Reed, P.
Abstract

The phenomenon whereby behaviour becomes controlled by one aspect of the environment at the expense of other aspects of the environment (stimulus over-selectivity) is widespread across many intellectual and developmental disabilities. However, the theoretical mechanisms underpinnings over-selectivity are not understood. Given similarities between over-selectivity and overshadowing, exploring over-selectivity using associative learning paradigms might allow better theoretical understanding of the phenomenon. Three experiments explored over-selectivity using a simultaneous discrimination task with typically developing participants undergoing a cognitively demanding task. Experiment 1 investigated whether stimulus duration effects found within the overshadowing literature also occurred in an over-selectivity paradigm, and demonstrated that greater over-selectivity was observed when stimuli were presented for short durations (2s and 5s) compared to longer durations (10s). Experiment 2 demonstrated that a post-training revaluation procedure resulted in retrospective revaluation for stimuli presented at shorter durations (2s) and mediated extinction for stimuli presented at longer durations (10s). Such results replicate findings from the overshadowing literature that have been interpreted in terms of within-compound associations while also supporting assumptions made by an extended comparator hypothesis. Experiment 3 uses an additional control condition to further demonstrate that the retrospective revaluation is a genuine revaluation effect. Additionally, the experiment provides further evidence for the within-compound association explanation of the results through manipulating the consistency with which elements of a compound were paired during training. Taken together, the findings highlight the necessity to consider the role of within-compound associations in over-selectivity, allowing for a better understanding of over-selectivity effects.

Keywordsposttraining revaluation; stimulus duration; stimulus overselectivity; within-compound associations
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA)
JournalJournal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition
ISSN2329-8456
Publication dates
Online31 May 2018
Print01 Jul 2018
Publication process dates
Deposited05 Mar 2018
Accepted01 Mar 2018
Output statusPublished
Accepted author manuscript
Copyright Statement

©American Psychological Association, 2018. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission. The final article is available, upon publication, at: https://doi.org/10.1037/xan0000175

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1037/xan0000175
Web of Science identifierWOS:000437838100007
LanguageEnglish
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