Non-operative breast pathology: Apocrine lesions

Article

Wells, C. and Elayat, G. 2007. Non-operative breast pathology: Apocrine lesions. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 60 (12), pp. 1313-1320. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2006.040626
TypeArticle
TitleNon-operative breast pathology: Apocrine lesions
AuthorsWells, C. and Elayat, G.
Abstract

Apocrine metaplasia is a very common finding in the female breast after the age of 25. It is so common that many people regard it as a normal component of the breast. This, however, is only really the case in apocrine sweat glands of the axilla and in the peri-areolar apocrine glands. The apocrine cell does, however, contribute to a number of different breast lesions, some of which are very taxing diagnostically; apocrine variants of both in-situ and invasive cancer are encountered. This review considers the common apocrine metaplastic lesions seen in fibrocystic change as well as apocrine adenoma, apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis, atypical apocrine lesions and apocrine malignancies.

PublisherBMJ Publishing Group Ltd
JournalJournal of Clinical Pathology
ISSN0021-9746
Electronic1472-4146
Publication dates
Print27 Nov 2007
Publication process dates
Accepted29 Mar 2007
Deposited26 Sep 2023
Output statusPublished
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2006.040626
Permalink -

https://repository.mdx.ac.uk/item/8zv38

Log in to edit
  • 50
    total views
  • 0
    total downloads
  • 4
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Angiogenesis in breast cancer: insights and innovations
Elayat, G. and Selim, A. 2024. Angiogenesis in breast cancer: insights and innovations. Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 24 (1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-024-01446-5
Phenotypic plasticity in melanoma: the impact on management strategies
Elayat, G. 2024. Phenotypic plasticity in melanoma: the impact on management strategies. Redactive Publishing.
Positive correlational shift between crevicular antimicrobial peptide LL-37, pain and periodontal status following non-surgical periodontal therapy. A pilot study
Madruga, D., Garcia, M., Martino, L., Hassan, H., Elayat, G., Ghali, L. and Ceballos, L. 2023. Positive correlational shift between crevicular antimicrobial peptide LL-37, pain and periodontal status following non-surgical periodontal therapy. A pilot study. BMC Oral Health. 23 (1), p. 335. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03023-w
An overview of angiogenesis in bladder cancer
Elayat, G., Punev, I. and Selim, A. 2023. An overview of angiogenesis in bladder cancer. Current Oncology Reports. 25 (7), pp. 709-728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-023-01421-5
Phytochemical modulation of apoptosis and autophagy: strategies to overcome chemoresistance in leukaemic stem cells in the bone marrow microenvironment
Owen, H., Appiah, S., Hasan, N., Ghali, L., Elayat, G. and Bell, C. 2017. Phytochemical modulation of apoptosis and autophagy: strategies to overcome chemoresistance in leukaemic stem cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. in: Zeng, B. and Zhao, K. (ed.) Neurobiology of Chinese Herb Medicine Elsevier.
Cyclin D-1 protein over-expression is not associated with gene amplification in benign and atypical apocrine lesions of the breast
Elayat, Ghada, Selim, Abdel-Ghani A., Gorman, Patricia, Tomlinson, Ian and Wells, Clive A. 2011. Cyclin D-1 protein over-expression is not associated with gene amplification in benign and atypical apocrine lesions of the breast. Pathology - Research and Practice. 207 (2), pp. 75-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2010.06.003
Cell turnover in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine adenosis of the breast
Elayat, G., Selim, A. and Wells, C. 2010. Cell turnover in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine adenosis of the breast. Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. 14 (1), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.05.001
Alterations of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1, cyclin A, p27, p21, p16, and pRb in apocrine metaplasia of the breast
Elayat, G., Selim, A. and Wells, C. 2009. Alterations of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1, cyclin A, p27, p21, p16, and pRb in apocrine metaplasia of the breast. Breast Journal. 15 (5), pp. 475-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00762.x
Cell cycle alterations and their relationship to proliferation in apocrine adenosis of the breast
Elayat, G., Selim, A. and Wells, C. 2009. Cell cycle alterations and their relationship to proliferation in apocrine adenosis of the breast. Histopathology. 54 (3), pp. 348-354. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2009.03223.x
C-myc oncoprotein expression and gene amplification in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis of the breast
Selim, A., Elayat, G., Naase, M. and Wells, C. 2002. C-myc oncoprotein expression and gene amplification in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis of the breast. The Breast. 11 (6), pp. 466-472. https://doi.org/10.1054/brst.2002.0474
Expression of c-erbB2, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, c-myc and Ki-67 in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis of the breast
Selim, A., Elayat, G. and Wells, C. 2002. Expression of c-erbB2, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, c-myc and Ki-67 in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis of the breast. Virchows Archiv. 441, p. 449–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-002-0691-0
Loss of heterozygosity and allelic imbalance in apocrine metaplasia of the breast: Microdissection microsatellite analysis
Selim, A., Ryan, A., Elayat, G. and Wells, C. 2002. Loss of heterozygosity and allelic imbalance in apocrine metaplasia of the breast: Microdissection microsatellite analysis. The Journal of Pathology. 196 (3), pp. 287-291. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1043
c-erbB2 oncoprotein expression, gene amplification, and chromosome 17 aneusomy in apocrine adenosis of the breast
Selim, A., Elayat, G. and Wells, C. 2000. c-erbB2 oncoprotein expression, gene amplification, and chromosome 17 aneusomy in apocrine adenosis of the breast. The Journal of Pathology. 191 (2), pp. 138-142. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(200006)191:2<138::aid-path611>3.0.co;2-j