An effect of age on implicit memory that is not due to explicit contamination: implications for single and multiple-systems theories

Article


Ward, E., Berry, C. and Shanks, D. 2013. An effect of age on implicit memory that is not due to explicit contamination: implications for single and multiple-systems theories. Psychology and Aging. 28 (2), pp. 429-442. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031888
TypeArticle
TitleAn effect of age on implicit memory that is not due to explicit contamination: implications for single and multiple-systems theories
AuthorsWard, E., Berry, C. and Shanks, D.
Abstract

Recognition memory is typically weaker in healthy older relative to young adults, while performance on implicit tests (e.g., repetition priming) is often comparable between groups. Such observations are commonly taken as evidence for independent explicit and implicit memory systems. On a picture version of the continuous identification with recognition (CID-R) task, we found a reliable age-related reduction in recognition memory, while the age effect on priming did not reach statistical significance (Experiment 1). This pattern was consistent with the predictions of a formal single-system model. Experiment 2 replicated these observations using separate priming (continuous identification; CID) and recognition phases, while a combined data analysis revealed a significant effect of age on priming. In Experiment 3, we provide evidence that priming in this task is unaffected by explicit processing, and we conclude that the age difference in priming is unlikely to have been driven by differences in explicit processing between groups of young and older adults (“explicit contamination”). The results support the view that explicit and implicit expressions of memory are driven by a single underlying memory system.

Keywordsaging; priming; implicit memory; recognition; explicit contamination
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA)
JournalPsychology and Aging
ISSN0882-7974
Electronic1939-1498
Publication dates
Print30 Jun 2013
Publication process dates
Deposited13 Jan 2014
Output statusPublished
Copyright Statement

©American Psychological Association, 2013. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. The final article is available, upon publication, at: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031888

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031888
PubMed ID23586355
Web of Science identifierWOS:000320492100014
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LanguageEnglish
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