Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans - a systematic review

Article


Liu, K., Gould, R., Coulson, M., Ward, E. and Howard, R. 2016. Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans - a systematic review. Hippocampus. 26 (6), pp. 705-717. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561
TypeArticle
TitleTests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans - a systematic review
AuthorsLiu, K., Gould, R., Coulson, M., Ward, E. and Howard, R.
Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To systematically review the characteristics, validity and outcome measures of tasks that have been described in the literature as assessing pattern separation and pattern completion in humans.
METHODS:
Electronic databases were searched for articles. Parameters for task validity were obtained from two reviews that described optimal task design factors to evaluate pattern separation and pattern completion processes. These were that pattern separation should be tested during an encoding task using abstract, never-before-seen visual stimuli, and pattern completion during a retrieval task using partial cues; parametric alteration of the degree of interference of stimuli or degradation of cues should be used to generate a corresponding gradient in behavioral output; studies should explicitly identify the specific memory domain under investigation (sensory/perceptual, temporal, spatial, affect, response, or language) and account for the contribution of other potential attributes involved in performance of the task. A systematic, qualitative assessment of validity in relation to these parameters was performed, along with a review of general validity and task outcome measures.
RESULTS:
Sixty-two studies were included. The majority of studies investigated pattern separation and most tasks were performed on young, healthy adults. Pattern separation and pattern completion were most frequently tested during a retrieval task using familiar or recognizable visual stimuli and cues. Not all studies parametrically altered the degree of stimulus interference or cue degradation, or controlled for potential confounding factors.
CONCLUSION:
This review found evidence that some of the parameters for task validity have been followed in some human studies of pattern separation and pattern completion, but no study was judged to have adequately met all the parameters for task validity. The contribution of these parameters and other task design factors towards an optimal behavioral paradigm is discussed and recommendations for future research are made. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Keywordshippocampus; episodic memory; dentate gyrus
PublisherWiley
JournalHippocampus
ISSN1050-9631
Electronic1098-1063
Publication dates
Online11 Jan 2016
Print13 May 2016
Publication process dates
Deposited07 Jan 2016
Accepted08 Dec 2015
Output statusPublished
Accepted author manuscript
File Access Level
Open
Copyright Statement

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Liu, K. Y., Gould, R. L., Coulson, M. C., Ward, E. V. and Howard, R. J. (2016), Tests of pattern separation and pattern completion in humans - A systematic review. Hippocampus. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22561, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving: http://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-820227.html#terms.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22561
Web of Science identifierWOS:000383272000003
LanguageEnglish
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