The quantum path kernel: A generalized neural tangent kernel for deep quantum machine learning
Article
Incudini, M., Grossi, M., Mandarino, A., Vallecorsa, S., Di Pierro, A. and Windridge, D. 2023. The quantum path kernel: A generalized neural tangent kernel for deep quantum machine learning. IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering. 4. https://doi.org/10.1109/TQE.2023.3287736
Type | Article |
---|---|
Title | The quantum path kernel: A generalized neural tangent kernel for deep quantum machine learning |
Authors | Incudini, M., Grossi, M., Mandarino, A., Vallecorsa, S., Di Pierro, A. and Windridge, D. |
Abstract | Building a quantum analog of classical deep neural networks represents a fundamental challenge in quantum computing. A key issue is how to address the inherent non-linearity of classical deep learning, a problem in the quantum domain due to the fact that the composition of an arbitrary number of quantum gates, consisting of a series of sequential unitary transformations, is intrinsically linear. This problem has been variously approached in the literature, principally via the introduction of measurements between layers of unitary transformations. In this paper, we introduce the Quantum Path Kernel, a formulation of quantum machine learning capable of replicating those aspects of deep machine learning typically associated with superior generalization performance in the classical domain, specifically, hierarchical feature learning. Our approach generalizes the notion of Quantum Neural Tangent Kernel, which has been used to study the dynamics of classical and quantum machine learning models. The Quantum Path Kernel exploits the parameter trajectory, i.e. the curve delineated by model parameters as they evolve during training, enabling the representation of differential layer-wise convergence behaviors, or the formation of hierarchical parametric dependencies, in terms of their manifestation in the gradient space of the predictor function.We evaluate our approach with respect to variants of the classification of Gaussian XOR mixtures - an artificial but emblematic problem that intrinsically requires multilevel learning in order to achieve optimal class separation. |
Keywords | Machine Learning; Neural Tangent Kernel; Quantum Kernel; Quantum Machine Learning; Quantum Neural Networks; Support Vector Machine (SVM) |
Sustainable Development Goals | 9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure |
Middlesex University Theme | Creativity, Culture & Enterprise |
Publisher | IEEE |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering |
ISSN | |
Electronic | 2689-1808 |
Publication dates | |
Online | 20 Jun 2023 |
15 Sep 2023 | |
Publication process dates | |
Submitted | 22 Dec 2022 |
Accepted | 16 Jun 2023 |
Deposited | 01 Aug 2023 |
Output status | Published |
Publisher's version | License |
Copyright Statement | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1109/TQE.2023.3287736 |
Language | English |
https://repository.mdx.ac.uk/item/8q704
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