Self-surveillance practices of factory women migrant workers receiving SRH interventions in Malaysia: The effects of salience, gendered subjectivity and universalism

Managing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs remains a challenge for many women migrant workers in developing countries. Nonetheless, the extent to which they can be supported in meeting these needs remains underexplored, with implications for worker health and working life. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 25 factory women migrant workers in Penang, Malaysia, we apply a Foucauldian lens of governmentality to explore directly their agency in managing their SRH. We consider the self-surveillance practices they adopt in response to a programme of SRH interventions. Our findings reveal varied degrees of compliance with programme expectations. We demonstrate empirically the importance of the perceived salience of SRH as a motive force in self-surveillance practices, drawing out the disempowering effects of self-consciousness and shame in gendered subjectivity. We further consider the impact of universalist prescriptions for SRH within locales in the developing world, and the implications for SRH interventions with factory women migrant workers in such settings.