Windridge, D.; Kittler, J.

Classifier combination as a tomographic process

Conference paper

Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2001. Classifier combination as a tomographic process. 2nd International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems. Cambridge, UK 02 - 04 Jul 2001 Springer. pp. 248-258 https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48219-9_25

ISBN
Type	Conference paper
Title	Classifier combination as a tomographic process
Authors	Windridge, D. and Kittler, J.
Abstract	A mathematical analogy between the process of multiple expert fusion and the tomographic reconstruction of Radon integral data is outlined for the specific instance of the combination of classifiers containing discrete data sets. Within this metaphor all conventional methods of classifier combination come, to a greater or lesser degree, to resemble the unfiltered back-projection of the constituent classifiers’ probability density functions: an implicit attempt to reconstruct the PDF of the composite pattern space. In these probabilistic terms, the combination of classifiers with identical feature-sets correspondingly constitutes an attempt at morphological manipulation of the composite pattern-space PDF. A consideration of the separate benefits of combination along these dualistic lines eventually leads to an optimal strategy for classifier combination under arbitrary conditions.
Conference	2nd International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems
Page range	248-258
Proceedings Title	Multiple Classifier Systems: Second International Workshop, MCS 2001 Cambridge, UK, July 2-4, 2001 Proceedings
Series	Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Paperback	9783540422846
Electronic	9783540482192
Publisher	Springer
Publication dates
Print	20 Jun 2001
Publication process dates
Deposited	20 Nov 2025
Output status	Published
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48219-9_25
Scopus EID	2-s2.0-25444532109
Web address (URL) of conference proceedings	https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48219-9

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Artificial co-drivers as a universal enabling technology for future intelligent vehicles and transportation systems

Da Lio, M., Biral, F., Bertolazzi, E., Galvani, M., Bosetti, P., Windridge, D., Saroldi, A. and Tango, F. 2015. Artificial co-drivers as a universal enabling technology for future intelligent vehicles and transportation systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 16 (1), pp. 244-263. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2014.2330199

Breast cancer data analytics with missing values: a study on ethnic, age and income groups

Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Abdulrahman, H., Nemmour, N. and Windridge, D. 2015. Breast cancer data analytics with missing values: a study on ethnic, age and income groups. ArXiv e-prints: Quantitative Biology > Quantitative Methods. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1503.03680

Detection of face spoofing using visual dynamics

Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Windridge, D., Iorliam, A., Suki, N. and Ho, A. 2015. Detection of face spoofing using visual dynamics. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. 10 (4), pp. 762-777. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2015.2406533

Multilevel Chinese takeaway process and label-based processes for rule induction in the context of automated sports video annotation

Khan, A., Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2014. Multilevel Chinese takeaway process and label-based processes for rule induction in the context of automated sports video annotation. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. 44 (10), pp. 1910-1923. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2014.2299955

Domain anomaly detection in machine perception: a system architecture and taxonomy

Kittler, J., Christmas, W., De Campos, T., Windridge, D., Yan, F., Illingworth, J. and Osman, M. 2014. Domain anomaly detection in machine perception: a system architecture and taxonomy. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 36 (5), pp. 845-859. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2013.209

A saliency-based framework for 2D-3D registration

Brown, M., Guillemaut, J. and Windridge, D. 2014. A saliency-based framework for 2D-3D registration. 9th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP 2014). Lisbon, Portugal 05 - 08 Jan 2014 SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications. pp. 265-273 https://doi.org/10.5220/0004675402650273

Supervised selective kernel fusion for membrane protein prediction

Tatarchuk, A., Sulimova, V., Torshin, I., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2014. Supervised selective kernel fusion for membrane protein prediction. Comin, M., Käll, L., Marchiori, E., Ngom, A. and Rajapakse, J. (ed.) 9th IAPR International Conference Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics (PRIB 2014). Stockholm, Sweden 21 - 23 Aug 2014 Springer. pp. 98-109 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09192-1_9

Challenges in designing an online healthcare platform for personalised patient analytics

Poh, N., Tirunagari, S. and Windridge, D. 2014. Challenges in designing an online healthcare platform for personalised patient analytics. 2014 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Big Data (CIBD). Orlando, FL., USA 09 - 12 Dec 2014 IEEE. pp. 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1109/CIBD.2014.7011526

Patient level analytics using self-organising maps: a case study on type-1 diabetes self-care survey responses

Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Aliabadi, K., Windridge, D. and Cooke, D. 2014. Patient level analytics using self-organising maps: a case study on type-1 diabetes self-care survey responses. 2014 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM). Orlando, FL., USA 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 304-309 https://doi.org/10.1109/CIDM.2014.7008682

Non-enumerative cross validation for the determination of structural parameters in feature-selective SVMs

Chernousova, E., Levdik, P., Tatarchuk, A., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2014. Non-enumerative cross validation for the determination of structural parameters in feature-selective SVMs. 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition ICPR 2014. Stockholm, Sweden 24 - 28 Aug 2014 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 3654-3659 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPR.2014.628

Linear regression via elastic net: non-enumerative leave-one-out verification of feature selection

Chernousova, E., Razin, N., Krasotkina, O., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2014. Linear regression via elastic net: non-enumerative leave-one-out verification of feature selection. in: Aleskerov, F., Goldengorin, B. and Pardalos, P. (ed.) Clusters, Orders, and Trees: Methods and Applications: In Honor of Boris Mirkin's 70th Birthday New York Springer.

Automatic annotation of tennis games: an integration of audio, vision, and learning

Yan, F., Kittler, J., Windridge, D., Christmas, W., Mikolajczyk, K., Cox, S. and Huang, Q. 2014. Automatic annotation of tennis games: an integration of audio, vision, and learning. Image and Vision Computing. 32 (11), pp. 896-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2014.08.004

A kernel-based framework for medical big-data analytics

Windridge, D. and Bober, M. 2014. A kernel-based framework for medical big-data analytics. in: Interactive Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining in Biomedical Informatics: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges Springer. pp. 197-208

Characterizing driver intention via hierarchical perception-action modeling

Windridge, D., Shaukat, A. and Hollnagel, E. 2013. Characterizing driver intention via hierarchical perception-action modeling. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems. 43 (1), pp. 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2012.2216868

A framework for hierarchical perception-action learning utilizing fuzzy reasoning

Windridge, D., Felsberg, M. and Shaukat, A. 2013. A framework for hierarchical perception-action learning utilizing fuzzy reasoning. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. 43 (1), pp. 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2012.2202109

Trained eyes: experience promotes adaptive gaze control in dynamic and uncertain visual environments

Taya, S., Windridge, D. and Osman, M. 2013. Trained eyes: experience promotes adaptive gaze control in dynamic and uncertain visual environments. PLoS ONE. 8 (8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071371

High throughput screening for mammography using a human-computer interface with rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)

Abbey, C., Hope, C., Sterr, A., Elangovan, P., Geades, N., Windridge, D., Young, K., Wells, K. and Mello-Thoms, C. 2013. High throughput screening for mammography using a human-computer interface with rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP). SPIE Proceedings Vol. 8673. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2007557

Looking to score: the dissociation of goal influence on eye movement and meta-attentional allocation in a complex dynamic natural scene

Taya, S., Windridge, D. and Osman, M. 2012. Looking to score: the dissociation of goal influence on eye movement and meta-attentional allocation in a complex dynamic natural scene. PLoS ONE. 7 (6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039060

Automatic annotation of court games with structured output learning

Yan, F., Kittler, J., Mikolajczyk, K. and Windridge, D. 2012. Automatic annotation of court games with structured output learning. 21st International Conference on Pattern Recognition. Tsukuba, Japan 11 - 15 Nov 2012 IEEE. pp. 3577-3580 https://doi.org/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6460938

Application of the multi-modal relevance vector machine to the problem of protein secondary structure prediction

Razin, N., Sungurov, D., Mottl, V., Torshin, I., Sulimova, V., Seredin, O. and Windridge, D. 2012. Application of the multi-modal relevance vector machine to the problem of protein secondary structure prediction. 7th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics. Tokyo, Japan 08 - 10 Nov 2012 Springer. pp. 153-165 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34123-6_14

On-line spatio-temporal independent component analysis for motion correction in renal DCE-MRI

Kiani, S., Gordon, I., Windridge, D. and Wells, K. 2012. On-line spatio-temporal independent component analysis for motion correction in renal DCE-MRI. 2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC). Anaheim, CA, USA 27 Oct - 03 Nov 2012 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2012.6551664

Anomaly detection and knowledge transfer in automatic sports video annotation

Almajai, I., Yan, F., De Campos, T., Khan, A., Christmas, W., Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2011. Anomaly detection and knowledge transfer in automatic sports video annotation. in: Weinshall, D., Anemüller, J. and Gool, L. (ed.) Detection and Identification of Rare Audio-visual Cues Springer. pp. 109-117

An evaluation of bags-of-words and spatio-temporal shapes for action recognition

de Campos, T., Barnard, M., Mikolajczyk, K., Kittler, J., Yan, F., Christmas, W. and Windridge, D. 2011. An evaluation of bags-of-words and spatio-temporal shapes for action recognition. 2011 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). Kona, HI, USA 05 - 07 Jan 2011 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV.2011.5711524

A modified neutral point method for kernel-based fusion of pattern-recognition modalities with incomplete data sets

Panov, M., Tatarchuk, A., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2011. A modified neutral point method for kernel-based fusion of pattern-recognition modalities with incomplete data sets. 10th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems. Naples, Italy 15 - 17 Jun 2011 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21557-5_15

Ball event recognition using HMM for automatic tennis annotation

Almajai, I., Kittler, J., De Campos, T., Christmas, W., Yan, F., Windridge, D. and Khan, A. 2010. Ball event recognition using HMM for automatic tennis annotation. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. Hong Kong, China 26 - 29 Sep 2010 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2010.5652415

Adaptive, perception-action-based cognitive modelling of human driving behaviour using control, gaze and signal inputs

Shaukat, A., Windridge, D., Hollnagel, E., Macchi, L. and Kittler, J. 2010. Adaptive, perception-action-based cognitive modelling of human driving behaviour using control, gaze and signal inputs. Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems - BICS 2010. Madrid, Spain 14 - 16 Jul 2010

A support kernel machine for supervised selective combining of diverse pattern-recognition modalities

Tatarchuk, A., Urlov, E., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2010. A support kernel machine for supervised selective combining of diverse pattern-recognition modalities. 9th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems. Cairo, Egypt 07 - 09 Apr 2010 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12127-2_17

Addressing missing values in kernel-based multimodal biometric fusion using neutral point substitution

Poh, N., Windridge, D., Mottl, V., Tatarchuk, A. and Eliseyev, A. 2010. Addressing missing values in kernel-based multimodal biometric fusion using neutral point substitution. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. 5 (3), pp. 461-469. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2010.2053535

A linear-complexity reparameterisation strategy for the hierarchical bootstrapping of capabilities within perception-action architectures

Shevchenko, M., Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2009. A linear-complexity reparameterisation strategy for the hierarchical bootstrapping of capabilities within perception-action architectures. Image and Vision Computing. 27 (11), pp. 1702-1714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2008.12.002

Perception-action learning as an epistemologically-consistent model for self-updating cognitive representation

Windridge, D. 2009. Perception-action learning as an epistemologically-consistent model for self-updating cognitive representation. Hussain, A., Aleksander, I., Smith, L., Barros, A., Chrisley, R. and Cutsuridis, V. (ed.) Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems 2008. São Luís, Brazil 24 - 27 Jul 2008 Springer. pp. 95-134 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79100-5_6

An entropy-based approach to the hierarchical acquisition of perception-action capabilities

Windridge, D., Shevchenko, M. and Kittler, J. 2008. An entropy-based approach to the hierarchical acquisition of perception-action capabilities. 4th International Workshop on Cognitive Vision. Santorini, Greece 12 May 2008 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92781-5_7

Cognitive learning with automatic goal acquisition

Kittler, J., Shevchenko, M. and Windridge, D. 2006. Cognitive learning with automatic goal acquisition. 3rd European Starting AI Researcher Symposium. Riva del Garda, Italy 28 - 29 Aug 2006 IOS Press. https://doi.org/10.5555/1565192.1565195

A memory architecture and contextual reasoning framework for cognitive vision

Kittler, J., Christmas, W.J., Kostin, A., Yan, F., Kolonias, I. and Windridge, D. 2005. A memory architecture and contextual reasoning framework for cognitive vision. 14th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis. Joensuu, Finland 19 - 22 Jun 2005 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/11499145_36

A linguistic feature vector for the visual interpretation of sign language

Bowden, R., Windridge, D., Kadir, T., Zisserman, A. and Brady, M. 2004. A linguistic feature vector for the visual interpretation of sign language. 8th European Conference on Computer Vision. Prague, Czech Republic 11 - 14 May 2004 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24670-1_30

A general strategy for hidden markov chain parameterisation in composite feature-spaces

Windridge, D., Bowden, R. and Kittler, J. 2004. A general strategy for hidden markov chain parameterisation in composite feature-spaces. Joint IAPR International Workshops, SSPR 2004 and SPR 2004. Lisbon, Portugal 18 - 20 Aug 2004 Springer. pp. 1069-1077 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27868-9_118

A morphologically optimal strategy for classifier combination: Multiple expert fusion as a tomographic process

Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2003. A morphologically optimal strategy for classifier combination: Multiple expert fusion as a tomographic process. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 25 (3), pp. 343-353. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1182097