Judges on trial: the future of research on judicial decision-making

Book chapter

Dhami, M., Kajdanowicz, T., Windridge, D. and Boukacem-Zeghmouri, C. 2026. Judges on trial: the future of research on judicial decision-making. in: Shortland, N. and Alison, L. (ed.) Big Ideas in Forensic Psychology: Visions of a Forensic Future From Leading Voices in the Field Wiley.
Chapter titleJudges on trial: the future of research on judicial decision-making
AuthorsDhami, M., Kajdanowicz, T., Windridge, D. and Boukacem-Zeghmouri, C.
Abstract

In the future, the methodological challenges hampering research on judicial decision-making will be overcome, thus putting judicial decision-making on trial. This will be facilitated by development of tools that capitalize on Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML),
Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Human-in-the-Loop technologies. An example of this type of game-changing tool is called JUDDGES (Judicial Decision Data Gathering, Encoding
and Sharing), which is currently in the early stages of development and testing (see https://juddges-project.eu/).It will allow researchers to study of large, representative samples of court records and legal judgments in a cost- and time-efficient manner. Researchers will be able to gather and
encode data from (structured or unstructured) textual legal sources in order to identify, quantify and qualitatively characterize meaningful theory-, policy- and practice-relevant patterns. Importantly, such data gathering and encoding can be (fully or partially) automated, and both
the tool and data gathering and encoding procedures can be openly shared for re-use, progressive enrichment of data samples, and scrutinizing the reliability, validity and
replicability of findings. In addition, researchers will be able to study all types of legal documents, across jurisdictions, and languages, thus facilitating tests of generalizability and development of theories explaining judicial behavior that surmount jurisdiction-specific
peculiarities.

KeywordsJudicial decision-making; artificial intelligence
Sustainable Development Goals16 Peace, justice and strong institutions
Middlesex University ThemeCreativity, Culture & Enterprise
Book titleBig Ideas in Forensic Psychology: Visions of a Forensic Future From Leading Voices in the Field
EditorsShortland, N. and Alison, L.
PublisherWiley
SeriesWiley Series in Psychology of Crime, Policing and Law
ISBN
Paperback9781394289769
Publication process dates
Accepted27 May 2025
Deposited11 Sep 2025
Output statusIn press
Accepted author manuscript
File Access Level
Open
Copyright Statement

For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.

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A survey of intelligence analysts’ perceptions of analytic tools
Dhami, M. 2017. A survey of intelligence analysts’ perceptions of analytic tools. 2017 European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference. Athens, Greece 11 - 13 Sep 2017 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 131-134 https://doi.org/10.1109/EISIC.2017.26
Postoperative paediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome- identifying quantitative biomarkers on longitudinal follow-up MRI
Avula, S., Spiteri, M., Guillemaut, J.-Y., Windridge, D., Kumar, R., Pizer, B., Mallucci, C. and Lewis, E. 2018. Postoperative paediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome- identifying quantitative biomarkers on longitudinal follow-up MRI. Neuro-Oncology. 20 (suppl_2), p. i171. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noy059.647
Boosting intelligence analysts’ judgment accuracy: what works, what fails?
Mandel, D., Karvetski, C. and Dhami, M. 2018. Boosting intelligence analysts’ judgment accuracy: what works, what fails? Judgment and Decision Making. 13 (6), pp. 607-621.
Data governance in the health industry: investigating data quality dimensions within a big data context
Juddoo, S., George, C., Duquenoy, P. and Windridge, D. 2018. Data governance in the health industry: investigating data quality dimensions within a big data context. Applied System Innovation. 1 (4), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/asi1040043
Police discretion in rape cases
Dhami, M., Lundrigan, S. and Thomas, S. 2018. Police discretion in rape cases. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-018-9299-4
Quantum error-correcting output codes
Windridge, D., Mengoni, R. and Nagarajan, R. 2018. Quantum error-correcting output codes. International Journal of Quantum Information. 16 (8). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219749918400038
Representational fluidity in embodied (artificial) cognition
Windridge, D. and Thill, S. 2018. Representational fluidity in embodied (artificial) cognition. Biosystems. 172, pp. 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.07.007
A re-examination of the acquittal biasing effect of offence seriousness
Lundrigan, S., Dhami, M. and Mueller-Johnson, K. 2018. A re-examination of the acquittal biasing effect of offence seriousness. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law. 25 (5), pp. 769-778. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2018.1478334
An improved block matching algorithm for motion estimation in video sequences and application in robotics
Bhattacharjee, K., Kumar, S., Pandey, H., Pant, M., Windridge, D. and Chaudhary, A. 2018. An improved block matching algorithm for motion estimation in video sequences and application in robotics. Computers & Electrical Engineering. 68, pp. 92-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2018.03.045
Proteomic identification and characterization of hepatic glyoxalase 1 dysregulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Spanos, C., Maldonado, E.M., Fisher, C.P., Leenutaphong, P., Oviedo-Orta, E., Windridge, D., Salguero, F.J., Bermúdez-Fajardo, A., Weeks, M.E., Evans, C., Corfe, B.M., Rabbani, N., Thornalley, P.J., Miller, M.H., Wang, H., Dillon, J.F., Quaglia, A., Dhawan, A., Fitzpatrick, E. and Moore, J.B. 2018. Proteomic identification and characterization of hepatic glyoxalase 1 dysregulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Proteome Science. 16 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12953-018-0131-y
Towards an evidence-based approach to communicating uncertainty in intelligence analysis
Dhami, M. 2018. Towards an evidence-based approach to communicating uncertainty in intelligence analysis. Intelligence and National Security. 33 (2), pp. 257-272. https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2017.1394252
Kenneth R. Hammond’s contributions to the study of human judgment and decision making
Dhami, M. and Mumpower, J. 2018. Kenneth R. Hammond’s contributions to the study of human judgment and decision making. Judgment and Decision Making. 13 (1), pp. 1-22.
Effects of judicial instructions and juror characteristics on interpretations of beyond reasonable doubt
Mueller-Johnson, K., Dhami, M. and Lundrigan, S. 2018. Effects of judicial instructions and juror characteristics on interpretations of beyond reasonable doubt. Psychology, Crime and Law. 24 (2), pp. 117-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2017.1394461
An empirical note on perceptions of partial apologies
Dhami, M. 2017. An empirical note on perceptions of partial apologies. Onati Socio-Legal Series. 7 (3), pp. 408-420.
Development of an information sheet providing rapport advice for interpreters in police interviews
Dhami, M., Goodman-Delahunty, J. and Desai, S. 2017. Development of an information sheet providing rapport advice for interpreters in police interviews. Police Practice and Research. 18 (3), pp. 291-305. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2017.1291580
Critical review of analytic techniques
Dhami, M., Belton, I. and Careless, K. 2016. Critical review of analytic techniques. European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference (EISIC) 2016. Uppsala, Sweden 17 - 19 Aug 2016 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 152-155 https://doi.org/10.1109/EISIC.2016.33
Male youth perceptions of violent extremism: towards a test of rational choice theory
Dhami, M. and Murray, J. 2016. Male youth perceptions of violent extremism: towards a test of rational choice theory. The Spanish Journal of Psychology. 19. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2016.49
On getting inside the judge’s mind
Dhami, M. and Belton, I. 2017. On getting inside the judge’s mind. Translational Issues in Psychological Science. 3 (2), pp. 214-226. https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000115
Statistical analyses of court decisions: an example of multilevel models of sentencing
Dhami, M. and Belton, I. 2016. Statistical analyses of court decisions: an example of multilevel models of sentencing. Law and Method. 10, pp. 247-266. https://doi.org/10.5553/REM/.000019
Towards a pedagogy for critical security studies: politics of migration in the classroom
Bilgic, A., Dhami, M. and Onkal, D. 2018. Towards a pedagogy for critical security studies: politics of migration in the classroom. International Studies Perspectives. 19 (3), pp. 250-266. https://doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekx016
Using court records for sentencing research: pitfalls and possibilities
Dhami, M. and Belton, I. 2015. Using court records for sentencing research: pitfalls and possibilities. in: Roberts, J. (ed.) Exploring Sentencing Practice in England and Wales Springer.
Effects of a victim’s response to an offender’s apology: when the victim becomes the bad guy
Dhami, M. 2016. Effects of a victim’s response to an offender’s apology: when the victim becomes the bad guy. European Journal of Social Psychology. 46 (1), pp. 110-123. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2145
Improving intelligence analysis with decision science
Dhami, M., Mandel, D., Mellers, B. and Tetlock, P. 2015. Improving intelligence analysis with decision science. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 10 (6), pp. 753-757. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615598511
Ordinal structure of the generic analytic workflow: a survey of intelligence analysts
Dhami, M. and Careless, K. 2015. Ordinal structure of the generic analytic workflow: a survey of intelligence analysts. 2015 European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference. Manchester, UK 07 - 09 Sep 2015 IEEE. pp. 141-144 https://doi.org/10.1109/EISIC.2015.37
Addressing VAST 2016 mini challenge 2 with POLAR kermode, classifier, excel on a power wall and data timelines
Attfield, S., Hewitt, D., Xu, K., Passmore, P., Wagstaff, A., Phillips, G., Windridge, D., Dash, G., Chapman, R. and Mason, L. 2016. Addressing VAST 2016 mini challenge 2 with POLAR kermode, classifier, excel on a power wall and data timelines. IEEE VAST Challenge 2016. Baltimore, MD, USA 23 Oct 2016
Quantum Bootstrap Aggregation
Windridge, D. and Nagarajan, R. 2017. Quantum Bootstrap Aggregation. de Barros, J., Coecke, B. and Pothos, E. (ed.) Quantum Interaction. San Francisco, CA, USA 20 - 22 Jul 2016 Springer. pp. 115-121 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52289-0_9
A Hybrid Multi-Layer Architecture for Autonomous Vehicles Utilising a Hierarchical Perception-Action Dream Simulation Mechanism
Windridge, D., Gunn, I.A.D., Da Lio, M., Mazzalai, A., Thill, S., Svensson, H., Anderson, S., Blenkinsop, A., Gurney, K., James, S., Math, R., Berghoefer, E., Yueksel, M., Saroldi, A., Andreone, L. and Heich, H.-J. 2017. A Hybrid Multi-Layer Architecture for Autonomous Vehicles Utilising a Hierarchical Perception-Action Dream Simulation Mechanism. EUCognition 2017 Conference. Zürich, Switzerland 23 - 24 Nov 2017
Exploiting dream-like simulation mechanisms to develop safer agents for automated driving: the "Dreams4Cars" EU research and innovation action
Da Lio, M., Mazzalai, A., Windridge, D., Thill, S., Svensson, H., Yueksel, M., Gurney, K., Saroldi, A., Andreone, L., Anderson, S.R. and Heich, H.-J. 2017. Exploiting dream-like simulation mechanisms to develop safer agents for automated driving: the "Dreams4Cars" EU research and innovation action. IEEE 20th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). Yokohama, Japan 16 - 19 Oct 2017 IEEE. pp. 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2017.8317649
Hamming distance kernelisation via topological quantum computation
Di Pierro, A., Mengoni, R., Nagarajan, R. and Windridge, D. 2017. Hamming distance kernelisation via topological quantum computation. Martín-Vide C., Neruda R. and Vega-Rodríguez M. (ed.) 6th International Conference on the Theory and Practice of Natural Computing. Prague, Czech Republic 18 - 20 Dec 2017 Springer. pp. 269-280 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71069-3_21
Emergent intentionality in perception-action subsumption hierarchies
Windridge, D. 2017. Emergent intentionality in perception-action subsumption hierarchies. Frontiers in Robotics and AI. 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2017.00038
Movement correction in DCE-MRI through windowed and reconstruction dynamic mode decomposition
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Wells, K., Bober, M., Gorden, I. and Windridge, D. 2017. Movement correction in DCE-MRI through windowed and reconstruction dynamic mode decomposition. Machine Vision and Applications. 28 (3-4), pp. 393-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-017-0835-5
A generalised framework for saliency-based point feature detection
Brown, M., Windridge, D. and Guillemaut, J. 2017. A generalised framework for saliency-based point feature detection. Computer Vision and Image Understanding. 157, pp. 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2016.09.008
Post-operative pediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome and its association with hypertrophic olivary degeneration
Avula, S., Spiteri, M., Kumar, R., Lewis, E., Harave, S., Windridge, D., Ong, C. and Pizer, B. 2016. Post-operative pediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome and its association with hypertrophic olivary degeneration. Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery. 6 (5), pp. 535-544. https://doi.org/10.21037/qims.2016.10.11
Criminal pattern identification based on modified K-means clustering
Aljrees, T., Shi, D., Windridge, D. and Wong, B. 2016. Criminal pattern identification based on modified K-means clustering. 2016 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics. Jeju, South Korea 10 - 13 Jul 2016 IEEE. pp. 799-806 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMLC.2016.7872990
Can DMD obtain a scene background in color?
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Bober, M. and Windridge, D. 2016. Can DMD obtain a scene background in color? 2016 International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC). Portsmouth, UK 03 - 05 Aug 2016 pp. 46-50 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIVC.2016.7571272
Editorial: The aging decision-maker: advances in understanding the impact of cognitive change on decision-making
Ward, E. and Dhami, M. 2016. Editorial: The aging decision-maker: advances in understanding the impact of cognitive change on decision-making. Frontiers in Psychology. 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01622
Classification of fibroglandular tissue distribution in the breast based on radiotherapy planning CT
Juneja, P., Evans, P., Windridge, D. and Harris, E. 2016. Classification of fibroglandular tissue distribution in the breast based on radiotherapy planning CT. BMC Medical Imaging. 16 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-016-0107-2
Apology in victim-offender mediation
Dhami, M. 2016. Apology in victim-offender mediation. Contemporary Justice Review. 19 (1), pp. 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2015.1101686
Kernel combination via debiased object correspondence analysis
Windridge, D. and Yan, F. 2016. Kernel combination via debiased object correspondence analysis. Information Fusion. 27, pp. 228-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2015.02.002
A scientific approach to countering the terrorist threat
Dhami, M. 2014. A scientific approach to countering the terrorist threat. in: Cole, J. and Pantucci, R. (ed.) STFC/RUSI.
Racial disparities, judge characteristics, and standards of review in sentencing: comment
Dhami, M. 2015. Racial disparities, judge characteristics, and standards of review in sentencing: comment. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE). 171 (1), pp. 48-52.
Predicting verdicts using pre-trial attitudes and standard of proof
Lundrigan, S., Dhami, M. and Mueller-Johnson, K. 2013. Predicting verdicts using pre-trial attitudes and standard of proof. Legal and Criminological Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12043
Normative and descriptive models of military decisions to deploy precision strike capabilities
Banks, A. and Dhami, M. 2014. Normative and descriptive models of military decisions to deploy precision strike capabilities. Military Psychology. 26 (1), pp. 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1037/mil0000028
Lawyer and nonlawyer susceptibility to framing effects in out-of-court civil litigation settlement
Belton, I., Thomson, M. and Dhami, M. 2014. Lawyer and nonlawyer susceptibility to framing effects in out-of-court civil litigation settlement. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies. 11 (3), pp. 578-600. https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12050
Quasirational models of sentencing
Dhami, M., Belton, I. and Goodman-Delahunty, J. 2015. Quasirational models of sentencing. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. 4 (3), pp. 239-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.07.009
Identifying similar patients using self-organising maps: a case study on type-1 diabetes self-care survey responses
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Hu, G. and Windridge, D. 2015. Identifying similar patients using self-organising maps: a case study on type-1 diabetes self-care survey responses. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1503.06316
Improving the communication of uncertainty in climate science and intelligence analysis
Ho, E., Budescu, D., Dhami, M. and Mandel, D. 2015. Improving the communication of uncertainty in climate science and intelligence analysis. Behavioral Science & Policy. 1 (2), pp. 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1353/bsp.2015.0015
Longitudinal MRI assessment: the identification of relevant features in the development of posterior fossa syndrome in children
Spiteri, M., Lewis, E., Windridge, D. and Avula, S. 2015. Longitudinal MRI assessment: the identification of relevant features in the development of posterior fossa syndrome in children. Medical imaging 2015: Computer-Aided Diagnosis. Orlando, Florida, United States 21 Feb 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2081591
Windowed DMD as a microtexture descriptor for finger vein counter-spoofing in biometrics
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Bober, M. and Windridge, D. 2015. Windowed DMD as a microtexture descriptor for finger vein counter-spoofing in biometrics. 2015 IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS). Rome, Italy 16 - 19 Nov 2015 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1109/WIFS.2015.7368599
Globally optimal 2D-3D registration from points or lines without correspondences
Brown, M., Windridge, D. and Guillemaut, J. 2015. Globally optimal 2D-3D registration from points or lines without correspondences. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). Santiago, Chile 07 - 13 Dec 2015 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 2111-2119 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2015.244
A generalisable framework for saliency-based line segment detection
Brown, M., Windridge, D. and Guillemaut, J. 2015. A generalisable framework for saliency-based line segment detection. Pattern Recognition. 48 (12), pp. 3993-4011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2015.06.015
Identifying quantitative imaging features of posterior fossa syndrome in longitudinal MRI
Spiteri, M., Windridge, D., Avula, S., Kumar, R. and Lewis, E. 2015. Identifying quantitative imaging features of posterior fossa syndrome in longitudinal MRI. Journal of Medical Imaging. 2 (4), p. 044502. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.2.4.044502
A novel Markov logic rule induction strategy for characterizing sports video footage
Windridge, D., Kittler, J., De Campos, T., Yan, F., Christmas, W. and Khan, A. 2015. A novel Markov logic rule induction strategy for characterizing sports video footage. IEEE MultiMedia. 22 (2), pp. 24-35. https://doi.org/10.1109/MMUL.2014.36
Artificial co-drivers as a universal enabling technology for future intelligent vehicles and transportation systems
Da Lio, M., Biral, F., Bertolazzi, E., Galvani, M., Bosetti, P., Windridge, D., Saroldi, A. and Tango, F. 2015. Artificial co-drivers as a universal enabling technology for future intelligent vehicles and transportation systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 16 (1), pp. 244-263. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2014.2330199
Breast cancer data analytics with missing values: a study on ethnic, age and income groups
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Abdulrahman, H., Nemmour, N. and Windridge, D. 2015. Breast cancer data analytics with missing values: a study on ethnic, age and income groups. ArXiv e-prints: Quantitative Biology > Quantitative Methods. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1503.03680
Instructions on reasonable doubt: defining the standard of proof and the juror's task
Dhami, M., Lundrigan, S. and Mueller-Johnson, K. 2015. Instructions on reasonable doubt: defining the standard of proof and the juror's task. Psychology, Public Policy and Law. 21 (2), pp. 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000038
Standards and best practices in digital and multimedia forensics
Li, S., Dhami, M. and Ho, A. 2015. Standards and best practices in digital and multimedia forensics. in: Ho, A. and Li, S. (ed.) Handbook of Digital Forensics of Multimedia Data and Devices Wiley. pp. 38-93
Detection of face spoofing using visual dynamics
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Windridge, D., Iorliam, A., Suki, N. and Ho, A. 2015. Detection of face spoofing using visual dynamics. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. 10 (4), pp. 762-777. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2015.2406533
Multilevel Chinese takeaway process and label-based processes for rule induction in the context of automated sports video annotation
Khan, A., Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2014. Multilevel Chinese takeaway process and label-based processes for rule induction in the context of automated sports video annotation. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. 44 (10), pp. 1910-1923. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2014.2299955
Domain anomaly detection in machine perception: a system architecture and taxonomy
Kittler, J., Christmas, W., De Campos, T., Windridge, D., Yan, F., Illingworth, J. and Osman, M. 2014. Domain anomaly detection in machine perception: a system architecture and taxonomy. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 36 (5), pp. 845-859. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2013.209
A saliency-based framework for 2D-3D registration
Brown, M., Guillemaut, J. and Windridge, D. 2014. A saliency-based framework for 2D-3D registration. 9th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP 2014). Lisbon, Portugal 05 - 08 Jan 2014 SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications. pp. 265-273 https://doi.org/10.5220/0004675402650273
Supervised selective kernel fusion for membrane protein prediction
Tatarchuk, A., Sulimova, V., Torshin, I., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2014. Supervised selective kernel fusion for membrane protein prediction. Comin, M., Käll, L., Marchiori, E., Ngom, A. and Rajapakse, J. (ed.) 9th IAPR International Conference Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics (PRIB 2014). Stockholm, Sweden 21 - 23 Aug 2014 Springer. pp. 98-109 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09192-1_9
Challenges in designing an online healthcare platform for personalised patient analytics
Poh, N., Tirunagari, S. and Windridge, D. 2014. Challenges in designing an online healthcare platform for personalised patient analytics. 2014 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Big Data (CIBD). Orlando, FL., USA 09 - 12 Dec 2014 IEEE. pp. 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1109/CIBD.2014.7011526
Patient level analytics using self-organising maps: a case study on type-1 diabetes self-care survey responses
Tirunagari, S., Poh, N., Aliabadi, K., Windridge, D. and Cooke, D. 2014. Patient level analytics using self-organising maps: a case study on type-1 diabetes self-care survey responses. 2014 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM). Orlando, FL., USA 09 - 12 Dec 2014 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 304-309 https://doi.org/10.1109/CIDM.2014.7008682
Non-enumerative cross validation for the determination of structural parameters in feature-selective SVMs
Chernousova, E., Levdik, P., Tatarchuk, A., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2014. Non-enumerative cross validation for the determination of structural parameters in feature-selective SVMs. 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition ICPR 2014. Stockholm, Sweden 24 - 28 Aug 2014 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). pp. 3654-3659 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPR.2014.628
Linear regression via elastic net: non-enumerative leave-one-out verification of feature selection
Chernousova, E., Razin, N., Krasotkina, O., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2014. Linear regression via elastic net: non-enumerative leave-one-out verification of feature selection. in: Aleskerov, F., Goldengorin, B. and Pardalos, P. (ed.) Clusters, Orders, and Trees: Methods and Applications: In Honor of Boris Mirkin's 70th Birthday New York Springer.
Automatic annotation of tennis games: an integration of audio, vision, and learning
Yan, F., Kittler, J., Windridge, D., Christmas, W., Mikolajczyk, K., Cox, S. and Huang, Q. 2014. Automatic annotation of tennis games: an integration of audio, vision, and learning. Image and Vision Computing. 32 (11), pp. 896-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2014.08.004
A kernel-based framework for medical big-data analytics
Windridge, D. and Bober, M. 2014. A kernel-based framework for medical big-data analytics. in: Interactive Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining in Biomedical Informatics: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges Springer. pp. 197-208
Psychological perspectives on military decisions to deployprecision strike capabilities
Banks, A. and Dhami, M. 2014. Psychological perspectives on military decisions to deployprecision strike capabilities. in: Aaronson, M., Aslam, W., Dyson, T. and Rauxloh, R. (ed.) Precision Strike Warfare and International Intervention: Strategic, Ethico-Legal and Decisional Implications Routledge. pp. 173-187
Interviewing high value detainees: securing cooperation and disclosures
Goodman-Delahunty, J., Martschuk, N. and Dhami, M. 2014. Interviewing high value detainees: securing cooperation and disclosures. Applied Cognitive Psychology. 28 (6), pp. 883-897. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3087
Simply criminal: predicting burglars' occupancy decisions with a simple heuristic
Snook, B., Dhami, M. and Kavanagh, J. 2011. Simply criminal: predicting burglars' occupancy decisions with a simple heuristic. Law and Human Behavior. 35 (4), pp. 316-326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-010-9238-0
Challenges to establishing volunteer‐run, community‐based restorative justice programs
Dhami, M. and Joy, P. 2007. Challenges to establishing volunteer‐run, community‐based restorative justice programs. Contemporary Justice Review. 10 (1), pp. 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10282580601157455
Crime as risk taking
Dhami, M. and Mandel, D. 2012. Crime as risk taking. Psychology, Crime and Law. 18 (4), pp. 389-403. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2010.498423
Take-the-best in expert-novice decision strategies for residential burglary
Garcia-Retamero, R. and Dhami, M. 2009. Take-the-best in expert-novice decision strategies for residential burglary. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 16 (1), pp. 163-169. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.1.163
Characterizing driver intention via hierarchical perception-action modeling
Windridge, D., Shaukat, A. and Hollnagel, E. 2013. Characterizing driver intention via hierarchical perception-action modeling. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems. 43 (1), pp. 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2012.2216868
A framework for hierarchical perception-action learning utilizing fuzzy reasoning
Windridge, D., Felsberg, M. and Shaukat, A. 2013. A framework for hierarchical perception-action learning utilizing fuzzy reasoning. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. 43 (1), pp. 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2012.2202109
Trained eyes: experience promotes adaptive gaze control in dynamic and uncertain visual environments
Taya, S., Windridge, D. and Osman, M. 2013. Trained eyes: experience promotes adaptive gaze control in dynamic and uncertain visual environments. PLoS ONE. 8 (8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071371
High throughput screening for mammography using a human-computer interface with rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)
Abbey, C., Hope, C., Sterr, A., Elangovan, P., Geades, N., Windridge, D., Young, K., Wells, K. and Mello-Thoms, C. 2013. High throughput screening for mammography using a human-computer interface with rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP). SPIE Proceedings Vol. 8673. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2007557
On avoiding framing effects in experienced decision makers
Garcia-Retamero, R. and Dhami, M. 2013. On avoiding framing effects in experienced decision makers. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 66 (4), pp. 829-842. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.727836
Looking to score: the dissociation of goal influence on eye movement and meta-attentional allocation in a complex dynamic natural scene
Taya, S., Windridge, D. and Osman, M. 2012. Looking to score: the dissociation of goal influence on eye movement and meta-attentional allocation in a complex dynamic natural scene. PLoS ONE. 7 (6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039060
Automatic annotation of court games with structured output learning
Yan, F., Kittler, J., Mikolajczyk, K. and Windridge, D. 2012. Automatic annotation of court games with structured output learning. 21st International Conference on Pattern Recognition. Tsukuba, Japan 11 - 15 Nov 2012 IEEE. pp. 3577-3580 https://doi.org/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6460938
Application of the multi-modal relevance vector machine to the problem of protein secondary structure prediction
Razin, N., Sungurov, D., Mottl, V., Torshin, I., Sulimova, V., Seredin, O. and Windridge, D. 2012. Application of the multi-modal relevance vector machine to the problem of protein secondary structure prediction. 7th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics. Tokyo, Japan 08 - 10 Nov 2012 Springer. pp. 153-165 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34123-6_14
On-line spatio-temporal independent component analysis for motion correction in renal DCE-MRI
Kiani, S., Gordon, I., Windridge, D. and Wells, K. 2012. On-line spatio-temporal independent component analysis for motion correction in renal DCE-MRI. 2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC). Anaheim, CA, USA 27 Oct - 03 Nov 2012 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2012.6551664
Anomaly detection and knowledge transfer in automatic sports video annotation
Almajai, I., Yan, F., De Campos, T., Khan, A., Christmas, W., Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2011. Anomaly detection and knowledge transfer in automatic sports video annotation. in: Weinshall, D., Anemüller, J. and Gool, L. (ed.) Detection and Identification of Rare Audio-visual Cues Springer. pp. 109-117
An evaluation of bags-of-words and spatio-temporal shapes for action recognition
de Campos, T., Barnard, M., Mikolajczyk, K., Kittler, J., Yan, F., Christmas, W. and Windridge, D. 2011. An evaluation of bags-of-words and spatio-temporal shapes for action recognition. 2011 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). Kona, HI, USA 05 - 07 Jan 2011 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV.2011.5711524
A modified neutral point method for kernel-based fusion of pattern-recognition modalities with incomplete data sets
Panov, M., Tatarchuk, A., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2011. A modified neutral point method for kernel-based fusion of pattern-recognition modalities with incomplete data sets. 10th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems. Naples, Italy 15 - 17 Jun 2011 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21557-5_15
Pictures speak louder than numbers: on communicating medical risks to immigrants with limited non-native language proficiency
Garcia-Retamero, R. and Dhami, M. 2011. Pictures speak louder than numbers: on communicating medical risks to immigrants with limited non-native language proficiency. Health Expectations. 14, pp. 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00670.x
Ball event recognition using HMM for automatic tennis annotation
Almajai, I., Kittler, J., De Campos, T., Christmas, W., Yan, F., Windridge, D. and Khan, A. 2010. Ball event recognition using HMM for automatic tennis annotation. 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. Hong Kong, China 26 - 29 Sep 2010 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2010.5652415
Adaptive, perception-action-based cognitive modelling of human driving behaviour using control, gaze and signal inputs
Shaukat, A., Windridge, D., Hollnagel, E., Macchi, L. and Kittler, J. 2010. Adaptive, perception-action-based cognitive modelling of human driving behaviour using control, gaze and signal inputs. Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems - BICS 2010. Madrid, Spain 14 - 16 Jul 2010
A support kernel machine for supervised selective combining of diverse pattern-recognition modalities
Tatarchuk, A., Urlov, E., Mottl, V. and Windridge, D. 2010. A support kernel machine for supervised selective combining of diverse pattern-recognition modalities. 9th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems. Cairo, Egypt 07 - 09 Apr 2010 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12127-2_17
Addressing missing values in kernel-based multimodal biometric fusion using neutral point substitution
Poh, N., Windridge, D., Mottl, V., Tatarchuk, A. and Eliseyev, A. 2010. Addressing missing values in kernel-based multimodal biometric fusion using neutral point substitution. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. 5 (3), pp. 461-469. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2010.2053535
First-time and recurrent inmates' experiences of imprisonment
Souza, K. and Dhami, M. 2010. First-time and recurrent inmates' experiences of imprisonment. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 37 (12), pp. 1330-1342. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854810379969
A linear-complexity reparameterisation strategy for the hierarchical bootstrapping of capabilities within perception-action architectures
Shevchenko, M., Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2009. A linear-complexity reparameterisation strategy for the hierarchical bootstrapping of capabilities within perception-action architectures. Image and Vision Computing. 27 (11), pp. 1702-1714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2008.12.002
Perception-action learning as an epistemologically-consistent model for self-updating cognitive representation
Windridge, D. 2009. Perception-action learning as an epistemologically-consistent model for self-updating cognitive representation. Hussain, A., Aleksander, I., Smith, L., Barros, A., Chrisley, R. and Cutsuridis, V. (ed.) Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems 2008. São Luís, Brazil 24 - 27 Jul 2008 Springer. pp. 95-134 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79100-5_6
On measuring quantitative interpretations of reasonable doubt
Dhami, M. 2008. On measuring quantitative interpretations of reasonable doubt. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 14 (4), pp. 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013344
An entropy-based approach to the hierarchical acquisition of perception-action capabilities
Windridge, D., Shevchenko, M. and Kittler, J. 2008. An entropy-based approach to the hierarchical acquisition of perception-action capabilities. 4th International Workshop on Cognitive Vision. Santorini, Greece 12 May 2008 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92781-5_7
Cognitive learning with automatic goal acquisition
Kittler, J., Shevchenko, M. and Windridge, D. 2006. Cognitive learning with automatic goal acquisition. 3rd European Starting AI Researcher Symposium. Riva del Garda, Italy 28 - 29 Aug 2006 IOS Press. https://doi.org/10.5555/1565192.1565195
A memory architecture and contextual reasoning framework for cognitive vision
Kittler, J., Christmas, W.J., Kostin, A., Yan, F., Kolonias, I. and Windridge, D. 2005. A memory architecture and contextual reasoning framework for cognitive vision. 14th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis. Joensuu, Finland 19 - 22 Jun 2005 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/11499145_36
A linguistic feature vector for the visual interpretation of sign language
Bowden, R., Windridge, D., Kadir, T., Zisserman, A. and Brady, M. 2004. A linguistic feature vector for the visual interpretation of sign language. 8th European Conference on Computer Vision. Prague, Czech Republic 11 - 14 May 2004 Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24670-1_30
A general strategy for hidden markov chain parameterisation in composite feature-spaces
Windridge, D., Bowden, R. and Kittler, J. 2004. A general strategy for hidden markov chain parameterisation in composite feature-spaces. Joint IAPR International Workshops, SSPR 2004 and SPR 2004. Lisbon, Portugal 18 - 20 Aug 2004 Springer. pp. 1069-1077 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27868-9_118
A morphologically optimal strategy for classifier combination: Multiple expert fusion as a tomographic process
Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2003. A morphologically optimal strategy for classifier combination: Multiple expert fusion as a tomographic process. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 25 (3), pp. 343-353. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1182097
Classifier combination as a tomographic process
Windridge, D. and Kittler, J. 2001. Classifier combination as a tomographic process. 2nd International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems. Cambridge, UK 02 - 04 Jul 2001 Springer. pp. 248-258 https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48219-9_25
Boosting multiple experts by joint optimization of decision thresholds
Kittler, J., Yusoff, Y., Christmas, W., Windeatt, T. and Windridge, D. 2001. Boosting multiple experts by joint optimization of decision thresholds. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. 11 (3), pp. 529-541.
An optimal solution to the problem of multiple expert fusion
Windridge, D. 2000. An optimal solution to the problem of multiple expert fusion. University of Surrey.
A fluctuation analysis for optical cluster galaxies - I. Theory
Windridge, D. and Phillipps, S. 2000. A fluctuation analysis for optical cluster galaxies - I. Theory. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS). 319 (2), pp. 591-605. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03908.x