Relative position vectors: an alternative approach to conflict detection in air traffic control

Objective: We explore whether the visual pre- sentation of relative position vectors (RPVs) improves conflict detection in conditions representing some aspects of future airspace concepts.
Background: To help air traffic controllers manage increasing traffic, new tools and systems can automate more cognitively demanding processes, such as conflict detection. However, some studies reveal adverse effects of such tools, such as reduced situation awareness and increased workload. New displays are needed that help air traffic controllers handle increasing traffic loads.
Method: A new display tool based on the display of RPVs, the Multi-Conflict Display (MCD), is evalu- ated in a series of simulated conflict detection tasks. The conflict detection performance of air traffic con- trollers with the MCD plus a conventional plan-view radar display is compared with their performance with a conventional plan-view radar display alone.
Results: Performance with the MCD plus radar was better than with radar alone in complex scenarios requir- ing controllers to find all actual or potential conflicts, especially when the number of aircraft on the screen was large. However performance with radar alone was better for static scenarios in which conflicts for a target aircraft, or target pair of aircraft, were the focus.
Conclusion: Complementing the conventional plan-view display with an RPV display may help control- lers detect conflicts more accurately with extremely high aircraft counts.
Applications: We provide an initial proof of concept that RPVs may be useful for supporting conflict detection in situations that are partially representative of conditions in which controllers will be working in the future.