Beyond the global financial crisis: challenges facing venture capitalists operating in an emerging economy such as Nigeria

Conference paper


Ekanem, I., Cardoso, A. and Owen, R. 2015. Beyond the global financial crisis: challenges facing venture capitalists operating in an emerging economy such as Nigeria. ISBE 2015: 38th Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship Conference. Glasgow, Scotland 11 - 12 Nov 2015
TypeConference paper
TitleBeyond the global financial crisis: challenges facing venture capitalists operating in an emerging economy such as Nigeria
AuthorsEkanem, I., Cardoso, A. and Owen, R.
Abstract

Objectives: The study investigates the challenges faced by venture capitalists (VCs) when operating in an emerging market, as well as problems in dealing with the entrepreneurs themselves. This is to gain a deeper understanding of the environmental and governmental policy factors that are hindering the growth of the industry in Nigeria.
Prior Work: In light of the recent global financial downturn where people are being made redundant, many could see it as an opportunity to start up their own business. However, the smooth operation of the finance escalator has proved difficult to achieve under recent financial conditions (North et al. 2013; Gill 2010; Mason et al 2010; NESTA 2009. Moreover, in an emerging economy, small business owners are more likely to secure funding for their new business venture from traditional sources rather than venture capital (VC) since they do not know much about it (Gupta and Sapienza, 2001). Jiang et al. (2014) argue that although the role of VCs is well documented in western developed economies, limited attention has been paid to it by SMEs in emerging markets.
Approach: The data was collected using qualitative method involving interviews with 4 VCs who operate in Nigeria, 5 entrepreneurs who were not able to secure venture capital (VC) funding for their ventures and a government minister and a member of staff as key informants.
Results: The results show that VCs who operate in Nigeria face challenges which are unique to an emerging economy. The findings suggest that people do not fully understand what VCs look for in a business, the benefits they bring to a business, how they work and the time it takes to get things done from a bureaucratic and legal perspective.
Implications: The implication of the study is that the Nigerian government should take steps to improve the country’s VC industry by setting up of a VC fund for technology-based starts-ups. The government should also meet with the heads of the major financial houses in Nigeria in an effort to create a positive public relation campaign to highlight the benefits VCs bring to businesses. This will help significantly towards the development of the industry in Nigeria.
Value: This study makes contribution to the growing body of literature on venture capital and the effect of global financial crisis. A better understanding of the decision making process of deal structuring will help VCs to make better decisions regarding investments and stages of funding. Understanding how VCs decide when and where to invest, might benefit entrepreneurs and SMEs with respect to attracting VC as well as increasing the likelihood of receiving higher levels of funding, because a higher level of financing gives them a bigger level of flexibility (Payne et al. (2009).

ConferenceISBE 2015: 38th Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship Conference
Publication dates
Print10 Nov 2015
Publication process dates
Deposited31 Jan 2017
Accepted10 Nov 2015
Output statusPublished
Accepted author manuscript
Copyright Statement

Permission granted on 13/04/17, by the ISBE (http://isbe.org.uk/) to make the full text of the conference paper available in the Middlesex University Research Repository.

LanguageEnglish
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Ram, M., Smallbone, D., Owen, R., Ekanem, I. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2001. Ethnic minority enterprise: policy in practice. Small Business Service..
Review of the enterprise promotion fund
Vickers, I., Owen, R., Etherington, D., North, D. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2006. Review of the enterprise promotion fund. Small Business Service..
Cultural influences on health and safety attitudes and behaviour in small firms.
Vickers, I., Owen, R., Smallbone, D., James, P., Ekanem, I., Bertotti, M. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2003. Cultural influences on health and safety attitudes and behaviour in small firms. London Health & Safety Executive Research Report, HSE Books.
Public service sectors in rural England.
North, D., Lyon, F., Ramsden, M., Owen, R. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2004. Public service sectors in rural England. Cheltenham Commission for Rural Communities.
Evaluation of the deprived urban post office fund.
North, D., Vickers, I., Owen, R., Ekanem, I. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2005. Evaluation of the deprived urban post office fund. London Office of the Deputy Prime Minister..
Mapping the social economy in the rural East Midlands.
Lyon, F., Smallbone, D., Evans, M., Ekanem, I., Smith, K. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2002. Mapping the social economy in the rural East Midlands. Countryside Agency.
Types and impacts of BME businesses
Lyon, F., Owen, R., McPherson, M., Ekanem, I., Ellis, C., Bertotti, M., Sepulveda Ramirez, L., Oyelere, M. and CEEDR (Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research) 2007. Types and impacts of BME businesses. South East England Development Agency.
Access to bank finance for Scottish SMEs.
North, D., Owen, R., Deakins, D. and Whittam, G. 2008. Access to bank finance for Scottish SMEs. Belfast Institute for Small Business & Entrepreneurship.
From crisis manager to strategic partner: the changing role of four london boroughs in economic regeneration.
North, D. and Owen, R. 2000. From crisis manager to strategic partner: the changing role of four london boroughs in economic regeneration. Town Planning Review. 71 (4), pp. 435-454.
Policy support for small firms in rural areas: the English experience
Smallbone, D., Owen, R. and North, D. 2003. Policy support for small firms in rural areas: the English experience. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. 21 (6), pp. 825-841. https://doi.org/10.1068/c0316
Regulating health and safety in small firms.
Smallbone, D., Vickers, I., James, P. and Owen, R. 2005. Regulating health and safety in small firms. in: Gray, C. and Bannock, G. (ed.) Government regulation and the small firm Milton Keynes, UK Open University Business School.
The implications of new technology for the skill and training needs of small and medium-sized printing firms
Smallbone, D., Supri, S. and Owen, R. 2000. The implications of new technology for the skill and training needs of small and medium-sized printing firms. Education and training. 42 (4), pp. 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910010347768
Bridging the gap in support for ethnic minority owned business: the case of Devon and Cornwall
Owen, R. and Smallbone, D. 2003. Bridging the gap in support for ethnic minority owned business: the case of Devon and Cornwall. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 10 (1), pp. 40-49. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000310461204
The investment decision-making process in small manufacturing firms: a learning approach.
Ekanem, I. and Smallbone, D. 2008. The investment decision-making process in small manufacturing firms: a learning approach. in: Harrison, R. and Leitch, C. (ed.) Entrepreneurial learning: conceptual frameworks and applications. London Routledge.
Local area agreements and local economic development
Syrett, S., North, D., Owen, R., Etherington, D., Engelbert, S. and CEEDR 2009. Local area agreements and local economic development. London Department for Communities and Local Government.
Targeted support for high-growth start-ups: some policy issues
Owen, R., Burgess, S. and Smallbone, D. 2002. Targeted support for high-growth start-ups: some policy issues. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. 20 (2), pp. 195-209. https://doi.org/10.1068/c0049
'Insider accounts': a qualitative research method for small firms
Ekanem, I. 2007. 'Insider accounts': a qualitative research method for small firms. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 14 (1), pp. 105-117. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000710727926
Learning in small manufacturing firms: the case of investment decision-making behaviour
Ekanem, I. and Smallbone, D. 2007. Learning in small manufacturing firms: the case of investment decision-making behaviour. International Small Business Journal. 25 (2), pp. 107-127. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242607074515
'Bootstrapping': the investment decision-making process in small firms
Ekanem, I. 2005. 'Bootstrapping': the investment decision-making process in small firms. The British Accounting Review. 37 (3), pp. 299-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2005.04.004
A fresh start and the learning experience of ethnic minority enterpreneurs
Ekanem, I. and Wyer, P. 2007. A fresh start and the learning experience of ethnic minority enterpreneurs. International Journal of Consumer Studies. 31 (2), pp. 144-151. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00580.x
Influences on small firm compliance-related behaviour: the case of workplace health and safety.
Owen, R., James, P., Smallbone, D. and Vickers, I. 2006. Influences on small firm compliance-related behaviour: the case of workplace health and safety. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. 24 (6), pp. 827-846. https://doi.org/10.1068/c0564
Understanding small firm responses to regulation: the case of workplace health and safety
Vickers, I., Smallbone, D., James, P. and Owen, R. 2005. Understanding small firm responses to regulation: the case of workplace health and safety. Policy Studies. 26 (2), pp. 149-169. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442870500127626
Access to finance by ethnic minority businesses in the UK
Owen, R., Deakins, D., Ram, M. and Smallbone, D. 2003. Access to finance by ethnic minority businesses in the UK. International Small Business Journal. 21 (3), pp. 291-314. https://doi.org/10.1177/02662426030213003
The use of external sources of health and safety information and advice: the case of small firms
Vickers, I., Smallbone, D. and Owen, R. 2004. The use of external sources of health and safety information and advice: the case of small firms. Policy and Practice in Health and Safety. 2 (1), pp. 91-104.
Reshaping London's economic governance: the role of the London Development Agency
Syrett, S. and Owen, R. 2003. Reshaping London's economic governance: the role of the London Development Agency. European Urban and Regional Studies. 10 (1), pp. 69-86. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776403010001323
Governing London: challenges for the new economic governance
Syrett, S., Owen, R., Middlesex University. Regional Regeneration Research Programme. and CEEDR 2001. Governing London: challenges for the new economic governance. in: Syrett, S. and Owen, R. (ed.) Governing London: competitiveness and regeneration in a global city London Middlesex University Press. pp. 48-160
Changing times, changing styles: new forms of economic governance in London
Syrett, S., Owen, R., Middlesex University. Regional Regeneration Research Programme. and CEEDR 2001. Changing times, changing styles: new forms of economic governance in London. in: Syrett, S. and Owen, R. (ed.) Governing London: competitiveness and regeneration in a global city London Middlesex University Press. pp. 1-22
Governing London: competitiveness and regeneration in a global city
Syrett, S., Owen, R., Middlesex University. Regional Regeneration Research Programme. and CEEDR 2001. Governing London: competitiveness and regeneration in a global city. London. Middlesex University Press.