Visuospatial superiority in developmental dyslexia: myth or reality?

Article

Brunswick, N., Martin, G. and Marzano, L. 2010. Visuospatial superiority in developmental dyslexia: myth or reality? Learning and Individual Differences. 20 (5), pp. 421-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2010.04.007
TypeArticle
TitleVisuospatial superiority in developmental dyslexia: myth or reality?
AuthorsBrunswick, N., Martin, G. and Marzano, L.
Abstract

Anecdotal evidence indicates that dyslexia is positively associated with superior visuospatial ability but empirical evidence is inconsistent. We explicitly tested the hypothesis that dyslexia is associated with visuospatial advantage in 20 dyslexic and 21 unimpaired adult readers using paper-and-pencil measures and tests of ‘everyday’ visuospatial ability. We found no main effect of group on visuospatial task performance but did observe a series of significant sex x group interactions. Relative to dyslexic and unimpaired women, dyslexic men were significantly better at identifying shapes in ambiguous figures, reproducing complex figures, reproducing designs using coloured blocks, and recalling the direction of the Queen’s head on a postage stamp. They were also significantly faster and more accurate than unimpaired men at navigating and recreating a virtual environment. These data suggest that visuospatial advantage in dyslexia may be confined to men. Possible explanations for this are discussed.

KeywordsDevelopmental dyslexia; Visuospatial ability; Reading; Rey Osterrieth; Virtual reality (VR)
Research GroupForensic Psychology Research group
PublisherElsevier
JournalLearning and Individual Differences
ISSN1041-6080
Electronic1873-3425
Publication dates
Online23 Apr 2010
PrintOct 2010
Publication process dates
Deposited19 May 2010
Accepted08 Apr 2010
Output statusPublished
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2010.04.007
Web of Science identifierWOS:000282561000004
LanguageEnglish
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Rivlin, A., Hawton, K., Marzano, L. and Fazel, S. 2013. Psychosocial characteristics and social networks of suicidal prisoners: towards a model of suicidal behaviour in detention. PLoS ONE. 8 (7), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068944
Responding to repetitive, non-suicidal self-harm in an English male prison: staff experiences, reactions, and concerns
Marzano, L., Adler, J. and Ciclitira, K. 2013. Responding to repetitive, non-suicidal self-harm in an English male prison: staff experiences, reactions, and concerns. Legal and Criminological Psychology. 20 (2), pp. 241-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12025
Local processing enhancements associated with superior observational drawing are due to enhanced perceptual functioning, not weak central coherence
Chamberlain, R., McManus, I., Riley, H., Rankin, Q. and Brunswick, N. 2013. Local processing enhancements associated with superior observational drawing are due to enhanced perceptual functioning, not weak central coherence. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 66 (7), pp. 1448-1466. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.750678
Comfort and challenge: A thematic analysis of female clinicians’ experiences of supervision
Starr, F., Ciclitira, K., Marzano, L., Brunswick, N. and Costa, A. 2013. Comfort and challenge: A thematic analysis of female clinicians’ experiences of supervision. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice. 86 (3), pp. 334-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.2012.02063.x
Dyslexie, Legasthenie, Ordblindhed: Dyslexia in different languages
Brunswick, N. 2012. Dyslexie, Legasthenie, Ordblindhed: Dyslexia in different languages. in: Everatt, J. (ed.) Dyslexia, languages and multilingualism Bracknell, UK British Dyslexia Association.
The perceptual foundations of drawing ability
Chamberlain, R., Riley, H., McManus, C., Rankin, Q. and Brunswick, N. 2011. The perceptual foundations of drawing ability. in: Kantrowitz, A., Brew, A. and Fava, M. (ed.) Thinking through drawing: practice into knowledge: proceedings of an interdisciplinary symposium on drawing, cognition and education New York, NY, USA Teachers College Columbia University. pp. 95-102
Dyslexia in UK higher education and employment: an introduction and overview
Brunswick, N. 2012. Dyslexia in UK higher education and employment: an introduction and overview. in: Brunswick, N. (ed.) Supporting dyslexic adults in higher education and the workplace Oxford Wiley. pp. 1-10
Women counsellors' experiences of personal therapy: A thematic analysis
Ciclitira, K., Starr, F., Marzano, L., Brunswick, N. and Costa, A. 2012. Women counsellors' experiences of personal therapy: A thematic analysis. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research. 12 (2), pp. 136-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733145.2011.645050
Early cognitive profiles of emergent readers: A longitudinal study
Brunswick, N., Martin, G. and Rippon, G. 2012. Early cognitive profiles of emergent readers: A longitudinal study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 111 (2), pp. 268-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2011.08.001
Art students who cannot draw: exploring the role of personality, dyslexia, perceptual problems, visual memory and drawing skills.
McManus, C., Chamberlain, R., Loo, P., Rankin, Q., Riley, H. and Brunswick, N. 2009. Art students who cannot draw: exploring the role of personality, dyslexia, perceptual problems, visual memory and drawing skills. Experimental Psychological Society London Meeting. University College London 05 - 06 Jan 2009
Inclusive practice: researching the relationships between mathematical ability and drawing ability in art students.
Riley, H., Brunswick, N., Chamberlain, R., McManus, C. and Rankin, Q. 2011. Inclusive practice: researching the relationships between mathematical ability and drawing ability in art students. in: Include 2011 Proceedings: Conference on Inclusive Design. Royal College of Art.
Inclusive practice: researching the relationship between mathematical ability and drawing ability in art students.
Riley, H., Rankin, Q., McManus, C., Chamberlain, R. and Brunswick, N. 2011. Inclusive practice: researching the relationship between mathematical ability and drawing ability in art students. in: Include 2011 proceedings. The Helen Hamlyn Centre for Design, Royal College of Art.
Editorial. Beyond Boundaries – Introduction to the Special Issue
Carroll, J., Larkin, R. and Brunswick, N. 2011. Editorial. Beyond Boundaries – Introduction to the Special Issue. Dyslexia. 17 (4), pp. 293-294. https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.440
Living with dyslexia.
Brunswick, N. 2011. Living with dyslexia. New York Rosen Publishing Group.
The impact of prison staff responses on self-harming behaviours: prisoners’ perspectives
Marzano, L., Ciclitira, K. and Adler, J. 2011. The impact of prison staff responses on self-harming behaviours: prisoners’ perspectives. British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 51 (1), pp. 4-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.2010.02007.x
Does shape constancy relate to drawing ability? Two failures to replicate
McManus, I., Loo, P., Chamberlain, R., Riley, H. and Brunswick, N. 2011. Does shape constancy relate to drawing ability? Two failures to replicate. Empirical Studies of the Arts. 29 (2), pp. 191-208. https://doi.org/10.2190/EM.29.2.d
Self-harm in a men's prison: staff's and prisoners' perspectives.
Marzano, L. 2007. Self-harm in a men's prison: staff's and prisoners' perspectives. PhD thesis Middlesex University School of Health and Social Sciences
Dyslexia and visuospatial ability: is there a causal link?
Brunswick, N. and Martin, G. 2009. Dyslexia and visuospatial ability: is there a causal link? in: Brunswick, N. (ed.) The Dyslexia Handbook 2009/10 Bracknell British Dyslexia Association.
A new definition of dyslexia.
Brunswick, N. 2009. A new definition of dyslexia. in: Brunswick, N. (ed.) The Dyslexia Handbook 2009/10 Bracknell British Dyslexia Association. pp. 1-6
Recent developments in dyslexia.
Brunswick, N. 2009. Recent developments in dyslexia. in: Brunswick, N. (ed.) The Dyslexia Handbook 2009/10. Bracknell British Dyslexia Association. pp. 9-14
Developmental dyslexia, visuospatial ability and learning style.
Brunswick, N. and Martin, G. 2007. Developmental dyslexia, visuospatial ability and learning style. The British Psychological Society Annual Conference. York Conference Park 21 - 23 Mar 2007
Visuo-spatial ability and dyslexia: is there a male global advantage?
Brunswick, N., Martin, G. and Marzano, L. 2008. Visuo-spatial ability and dyslexia: is there a male global advantage? British Dyslexia Association International Conference, 2008 [Dyslexia: making links]. Harrogate, York 27 - 29 Mar 2008
Visuo-spatial ability, handedness and developmental dyslexia: just how sinister was Andy Warhol?
Brunswick, N., Martin, G. and Marzano, L. 2007. Visuo-spatial ability, handedness and developmental dyslexia: just how sinister was Andy Warhol? 25th European Workshop on Cognitive Neuropsychology. Bressanone, Italy 21 - 26 Jan 2007
Reading and spelling in different orthographies: an introduction and overview
McDougall, S., Brunswick, N. and De Mornay Davies, P. 2010. Reading and spelling in different orthographies: an introduction and overview. in: Brunswick, N., McDougall, S. and De Mornay Davies, P. (ed.) Reading and Dyslexia in Different Orthographies. London Psychology Press.
Cross-cultural differences in normal and dyslexic reading: behavioural and functional anatomical observations in readers of regular and irregular orthographies
Paulesu, E., Paganelle, F. and Brunswick, N. 2010. Cross-cultural differences in normal and dyslexic reading: behavioural and functional anatomical observations in readers of regular and irregular orthographies. in: Brunswick, N., McDougall, S. and De Mornay Davies, P. (ed.) Reading and dyslexia in different orthographies Psychology Press.
Unimpaired reading development and dyslexia across different languages
Brunswick, N. 2010. Unimpaired reading development and dyslexia across different languages. in: Brunswick, N., McDougall, S. and De Mornay Davies, P. (ed.) Reading and dyslexia in different orthographies Psychology Press.
To be or not to be … a psychologist: critical and feminist dilemmas.
Ciclitira, K., Capdevila, R., Marzano, L. and Adams, E. 2008. To be or not to be … a psychologist: critical and feminist dilemmas. 2008 BPS Annual Conference.. Dublin 04 Feb 2008
Counsellors’ experiences of working as volunteers at a women’s service.
Costa, A., Ciclitira, K. and Marzano, L. 2008. Counsellors’ experiences of working as volunteers at a women’s service. 2008 Psychology of Women Section 21st Anniversary Conference on 'Rights and Changes'.. Cumberland Lodge, The Great Park, Windsor.
The impact of personal psychotherapy and supervision on volunteer counsellors.
Ciclitira, K., Marzano, L., Starr, F., Brunswick, N., Costa, A. and Berger, S. 2009. The impact of personal psychotherapy and supervision on volunteer counsellors. 2009 BPS Annual Conference. Brighton, UK 01 - 03 Apr 2009
Supporting staff working with prisoners who self harm: a survey of support services for staff dealing with self-harm in prisons in England and Wales
Marzano, L. and Adler, J. 2007. Supporting staff working with prisoners who self harm: a survey of support services for staff dealing with self-harm in prisons in England and Wales. International Journal of Prisoner Health. 3 (4), pp. 268-282. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449200701682501
The Dyslexia handbook 2009/10.
Brunswick, N. Brunswick, N. (ed.) 2009. The Dyslexia handbook 2009/10. Bracknell British Dyslexia Association.
Afghan nationals in the UK: professional capacity and views on return
Sales, R., Blitz, B. and Marzano, L. 2002. Afghan nationals in the UK: professional capacity and views on return. Research commissioned by Refugee Action and the International Organization for Migration, London..
Psychiatric disorders in male prisoners who made near-lethal suicide attempts: case-control study
Rivlin, A., Hawton, K., Marzano, L. and Fazel, S. 2010. Psychiatric disorders in male prisoners who made near-lethal suicide attempts: case-control study. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 197 (4), pp. 313-319. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.077883
Psychiatric disorders in women prisoners who have engaged in near-lethal self-harm: case–control study
Marzano, L., Fazel, S., Rivlin, A. and Hawton, K. 2010. Psychiatric disorders in women prisoners who have engaged in near-lethal self-harm: case–control study. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 197 (3), pp. 219-226. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.109.075424
Research seminars on music and language [part of Society section]
Franco, F., Brunswick, N. and De Mornay Davies, P. 2010. Research seminars on music and language [part of Society section]. The Psychologist. 23 (11), pp. 913-914.
Art students who cannot draw: Exploring the relations between drawing ability, visual memory, accuracy of copying, and dyslexia
McManus, C., Chamberlain, R., Loo, P., Rankin, Q., Riley, H. and Brunswick, N. 2010. Art students who cannot draw: Exploring the relations between drawing ability, visual memory, accuracy of copying, and dyslexia. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. 4 (1), pp. 18-30. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017335
The functional neuroanatomy of reading
Brunswick, N. 2010. The functional neuroanatomy of reading. in: Cornelissen, P., Hansen, P., Kringelback, M. and Pugh, K. (ed.) The Neural Basis of Reading Oxford University Press (OUP).
Justice and care: theorising the 'new man' and the 'caring father.'
Marzano, L., Capdevila, R., Ciclitira, K. and Lazard, L. 2009. Justice and care: theorising the 'new man' and the 'caring father.'. Psychology of Women Secton Review. 11 (2), pp. 11-20.
Theoretical and ethical issues in conducting research at a women’s centre.
Ciclitira, K. and Marzano, L. 2004. Theoretical and ethical issues in conducting research at a women’s centre. Proceedings of the British Psychological Society. 12 (2).
Being a man: justice and care.
Capdevila, R., Ciclitira, K., Lazard, L. and Marzano, L. 2006. Being a man: justice and care. Psychology of Women Section Annual Conference 2005.. University of Huddersfield. The British Psychological Society.
Mind, brain and education in reading disorders.
Brunswick, N. 2009. Mind, brain and education in reading disorders. American Journal of Human Biology. 21 (3), pp. 414-415. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.20915
Psychology study guide.
Martin, G. and Brunswick, N. 2005. Psychology study guide. Allyn & Bacon.
Dyslexia
Brunswick, N. 2009. Dyslexia. in: Malmkjaer, K. (ed.) The Routledge Linguistics Encyclopedia Routledge.
Inclusive Practice: researching the relationships between dyslexia, personality, and art students’ drawing ability.
Riley, H., Rankin, Q., Brunswick, N., McManus, I., Chamberlain, R. and Loo, P. 2009. Inclusive Practice: researching the relationships between dyslexia, personality, and art students’ drawing ability. Royal College of Art: Helen Hamlyn Centre..
Developing an on-line undergraduate course in introductory psychology
Martin, G., Brunswick, N. and Jolic, N. 2005. Developing an on-line undergraduate course in introductory psychology. Journal of Health, Social and Environmental Issues. 6 (1), pp. 11-26.
Public awareness of warning signs for cancer in Britain.
Brunswick, N., Wardle, J. and Jarvis, M. 2001. Public awareness of warning signs for cancer in Britain. Cancer Causes and Control. 12 (1), pp. 33-37. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008975416756
Theoretical and ethical issues in conducting research at a women’s health centre.
Ciclitira, K., Marzano, L., Brunswick, N., Starr, F. and Berger, S. 2004. Theoretical and ethical issues in conducting research at a women’s health centre. Psychology of Women Section Review. 6 (1), pp. 60-69.
Dyslexia: a beginner’s guide
Brunswick, N. 2009. Dyslexia: a beginner’s guide. Oneworld Publications.
Non voluntary return? The politics of refugee return to Afghanistan
Sales, R., Blitz, B. and Marzano, L. 2005. Non voluntary return? The politics of refugee return to Afghanistan. Political Studies. 53 (1), pp. 182-200.
Developmental dyslexia: evidence from brain research
Brunswick, N. 2003. Developmental dyslexia: evidence from brain research. in: Nunes, T. and Bryant, P. (ed.) Handbook of Children’s Literacy London Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 275-291
Cultural diversity and biological unity in dyslexia
Paulesu, E., Demonet, J., Fazio, F., McCrory, E., Chanoine, V., Brunswick, N., Cappa, S., Cossu, G., Habib, M., Frith, C. and Frith, U. 2001. Cultural diversity and biological unity in dyslexia. NeuroImage. 13 (6), p. S584. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-8119(01)91927-5
Awareness of risk factors for cancer among British adults
Wardle, J., Waller, J., Brunswick, N. and Jarvis, M. 2001. Awareness of risk factors for cancer among British adults. Public Health. 115 (3), pp. 173-174. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ph.1900752
Dyslexia: Cultural diversity and biological unity
Paulesu, E., Demonet, J., Fazio, F., McCrory, E., Chanoine, V., Brunswick, N., Cappa, S., Cossu, G., Habib, M., Frith, C. and Frith, U. 2001. Dyslexia: Cultural diversity and biological unity. Science. 291 (5511), pp. 2165-2167. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1057179
Reading the mind in cartoons and stories: An fMRI study of ‘theory of mind’ in verbal and non-verbal tasks
Gallagher, H., Happé, F., Brunswick, N., Fletcher, P., Frith, U. and Frith, C. 2001. Reading the mind in cartoons and stories: An fMRI study of ‘theory of mind’ in verbal and non-verbal tasks. Neuropsychologia. 38 (1), pp. 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00053-6
Abnormal functional activation during a simple word repetition task: a PET study of adult dyslexics
McCrory, E., Frith, U., Brunswick, N. and Price, C. 2000. Abnormal functional activation during a simple word repetition task: a PET study of adult dyslexics. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 12 (5), pp. 753-762. https://doi.org/10.1162/089892900562570
Trait and state EEG indices of information processing in developmental dyslexia
Rippon, G. and Brunswick, N. 2000. Trait and state EEG indices of information processing in developmental dyslexia. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 36 (3), pp. 251-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8760(00)00075-1
A cultural effect on brain function
Paulesu, E., McCrory, E., Fazio, F., Menoncello, L., Brunswick, N., Cappa, S., Cotelli, M., Cossu, G., Corte, F., Lorusso, M., Pesenti, S., Gallagher, A., Perani, D., Price, C., Frith, C. and Frith, U. 2000. A cultural effect on brain function. Nature Neuroscience. 3 (1), pp. 91-96. https://doi.org/10.1038/71163
Explicit and implicit processing of words and pseudowords by adult developmental dyslexics - a search for Wernicke's Wortschatz?
Brunswick, N., McCrory, E., Price, C., Frith, C. and Frith, U. 1999. Explicit and implicit processing of words and pseudowords by adult developmental dyslexics - a search for Wernicke's Wortschatz? Brain. 122 (10), pp. 1901-1917. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/122.10.1901
Cognitive and psychophysiological correlates of handedness and reading ability
Rippon, G. and Brunswick, N. 1997. Cognitive and psychophysiological correlates of handedness and reading ability. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 25 (1), p. 31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8760(97)85416-5
Auditory event-related potentials, dichotic-listening performance and handedness as indexes of lateralization in dyslexic and normal readers
Brunswick, N. and Rippon, G. 1994. Auditory event-related potentials, dichotic-listening performance and handedness as indexes of lateralization in dyslexic and normal readers. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 18 (3), pp. 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8760(94)90012-4