Implementing summative assessment with a formative flavour: a case study in a large class

Article

Broadbent, J., Panadero, E. and Boud, D. 2018. Implementing summative assessment with a formative flavour: a case study in a large class. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 43 (2), pp. 307-322. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1343455
TypeArticle
TitleImplementing summative assessment with a formative flavour: a case study in a large class
AuthorsBroadbent, J., Panadero, E. and Boud, D.
Abstract

Teaching a large class can present real challenges in design, management, and standardization of assessment practices. One of the main dilemmas for university teachers is how to implement effective formative assessment practices, with accompanied high quality feedback consistently over time with large classroom groups. This article reports on how elements of formative practices can be implemented as part of summative assessment in very large undergraduate cohorts (n = 1500 in one semester), studying in different modes (on- and off-campus), with multiple markers, and under common cost and time constraints. Design features implemented include the use of exemplars, rubrics and audio feedback. The article draws on the reflections of the leading teacher, and discusses that for summative assessment to benefit learners, it should contain formative assessment elements. The teaching practices utilised in the case study provide some means to resolve the tensions between formative assessment and summative assessment that may be more generally applicable.

KeywordsFormative assessment; summative assessment; large classes ; audio feedback; exemplars
Research GroupWork and Learning Research Centre
PublisherTaylor & Francis (Routledge)
JournalAssessment & Evaluation in Higher Education
ISSN0260-2938
Electronic1469-297X
Publication dates
Online21 Jun 2017
Print17 Feb 2018
Publication process dates
Deposited12 Dec 2018
Accepted21 Jun 2017
Output statusPublished
Publisher's version
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Accepted author manuscript
Copyright Statement

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education on 21/06/2017, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/02602938.2017.1343455

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1343455
Web of Science identifierWOS:000419882300013
LanguageEnglish
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Johnson, C., Keating, J., Boud, D., Dalton, M., Kiegaldie, D., Hay, M., McGrath, B., McKenzie, W., Nair, K., Nestel, D., Palermo, C. and Molloy, E. 2016. Identifying educator behaviours for high quality verbal feedback in health professions education: literature review and expert refinement. BMC Medical Education. 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0613-5
Support for assessment practice: developing the Assessment Design Decisions Framework
Bearman, M., Dawson, P., Boud, D., Bennett, S., Hall, M. and Molloy, E. 2016. Support for assessment practice: developing the Assessment Design Decisions Framework. Teaching in Higher Education. 21 (5), pp. 545-556. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2016.1160217
Enhancing students' learning through simulation: dealing with diverse, large cohorts
Kelly, M., Hopwood, N., Rooney, D. and Boud, D. 2016. Enhancing students' learning through simulation: dealing with diverse, large cohorts. Clinical Simulation in Nursing. 12 (5), pp. 171-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2016.01.010
Simulation in higher education: A sociomaterial view
Hopwood, N., Rooney, D., Boud, D. and Kelly, M. 2016. Simulation in higher education: A sociomaterial view. Educational Philosophy and Theory. 48 (2), pp. 165-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2014.971403
Learning to teach as the development of practice
Boud, D. and Brew, A. 2016. Learning to teach as the development of practice. in: Leibowitz, B., Bozalek, V. and Kahn, P. (ed.) Theorising Learning to Teach in Higher Education Routledge. pp. 77-92
Researching feedback dialogue: An interactional analysis approach
Ajjawi, R. and Boud, D. 2017. Researching feedback dialogue: An interactional analysis approach. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 42 (2), pp. 252-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2015.1102863
The role of simulation in pedagogies of higher education for the health professions: through a practice-based lens
Rooney, D., Hopwood, N., Boud, D. and Kelly, M. 2015. The role of simulation in pedagogies of higher education for the health professions: through a practice-based lens. Vocations and Learning. 8 (3), pp. 269-285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12186-015-9138-z
Research productivity and academics' conceptions of research
Brew, A., Boud, D., Namgung, S., Lucas, L. and Crawford, K. 2016. Research productivity and academics' conceptions of research. Higher Education. 71 (5), pp. 681-697. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-015-9930-6
Experience belongs to man
Boud, D. 2014. Experience belongs to man. in: Nehyba, J. and Lazarova, B. (ed.) Reflection vs the Processed Learned Muni Press.
Improving assessment: understanding educational decision-making in practice
Dawson, P., Bearman, M., Bennett, S., Boud, D., Joughin, G. and Molloy, E. 2014. Improving assessment: understanding educational decision-making in practice. Office for Learning and Teaching..
Building local leadership for research education
Boud, D., Brew, A., Dowling, R., Kiley, M., Malfroy, J., Solomon, N. and Ryland, K. 2014. Building local leadership for research education. Office for Learning and Teaching..
Reflective teaching in higher education
Ashwin, P., Boud, D., Coate, K., Hallet, F., Keane, E., Krause, K., Lebowitz, B., MacLaren, I., McArthur, J., McCune, V. and Tooher, M. 2015. Reflective teaching in higher education. Bloomsbury.
The coordination role in research education: emerging understandings and dilemmas for leadership
Boud, D., Brew, A., Dowling, R., Kiley, M., McKenzie, J., Malfroy, J., Ryland, K. and Solomon, N. 2014. The coordination role in research education: emerging understandings and dilemmas for leadership. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management. 36 (4), pp. 440-454. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2014.916466
Dilemmas in continuing professional learning: Learning inscribed in frameworks or elicited from practice?
Reich, A., Rooney, D. and Boud, D. 2015. Dilemmas in continuing professional learning: Learning inscribed in frameworks or elicited from practice? Studies in Continuing Education. 37 (2), pp. 131-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/0158037X.2015.1022717
Sustainable assessment revisited
Boud, D. and Soler, R. 2016. Sustainable assessment revisited. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 41 (3), pp. 400-413. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2015.1018133
Feedback: ensuring it leads to enhanced learning
Boud, D. 2015. Feedback: ensuring it leads to enhanced learning. Clinical Teacher. 12 (1), pp. 3-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.12345
Engineers' professional learning: a practice-theory perspective
Reich, A., Rooney, D., Gardner, A., Willey, K., Boud, D. and Fitzgerald, T. 2015. Engineers' professional learning: a practice-theory perspective. European Journal of Engineering Education. 40 (4), pp. 366-379. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2014.967181
The calibration of student judgement through self-assessment: disruptive effects of assessment patterns
Boud, D., Lawson, R. and Thompson, D. 2015. The calibration of student judgement through self-assessment: disruptive effects of assessment patterns. Higher Education Research & Development. 34 (1), pp. 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2014.934328
What can higher education learn from the workplace?
Boud, D. and Rooney, D. 2015. What can higher education learn from the workplace? in: Dailey-Hebert, A. and Dennis, K. (ed.) Transformative Perspectives and Processes in Higher Education Cham, Switzerland. Springer. pp. 195-209
Interprofessional learning at work: what spatial theory can tell us about workplace learning in an acute care ward
Gregory, L., Hopwood, N. and Boud, D. 2014. Interprofessional learning at work: what spatial theory can tell us about workplace learning in an acute care ward. Journal of Interprofessional Care. 28 (3), pp. 200-205. https://doi.org/10.3109/13561820.2013.873774
Shifting views of assessment: from teacher’s business to sustaining learning
Boud, D. 2014. Shifting views of assessment: from teacher’s business to sustaining learning. in: Kreber, C., Anderson, C., Entwistle, N. and McArthur, J. (ed.) Advances and innovations in university assessment and feedback Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press. pp. 13-31
Patterns of resistance in managing assessment change
Deneen, C. and Boud, D. 2014. Patterns of resistance in managing assessment change. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 39 (5), pp. 577-591. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2013.859654
Does student engagement in self-assessment calibrate their judgement over time?
Boud, D., Lawson, R. and Thompson, D. 2013. Does student engagement in self-assessment calibrate their judgement over time? Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 38 (8), pp. 941-956. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2013.769198
Engineers’ professional learning: through the lens of practice
Rooney, D., Willey, K., Gardner, A., Boud, D., Reich, A. and Fitzgerald, T. 2013. Engineers’ professional learning: through the lens of practice. in: Williams, B., Figueiredo, J. and Trevelyan, J. (ed.) Engineering Practice in a Global Context: Understanding the Technical and Social CRC Press/Balkema. pp. 265-280
Feedback models for learning, teaching and performance
Molloy, E. and Boud, D. 2014. Feedback models for learning, teaching and performance. in: Spector, J., Merrill, M., Elen, J. and Bishop, M. (ed.) Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology New York, NY. Springer. pp. 413-424
Reflexive deliberation in international research collaboration: minimising risk and maximising opportunity
Brew, A., Boud, D., Lucas, L. and Crawford, K. 2013. Reflexive deliberation in international research collaboration: minimising risk and maximising opportunity. Higher Education. 66 (1), pp. 93-104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-012-9592-6
Rethinking models of feedback for learning: the challenge of design
Boud, D. and Molloy, E. 2013. Rethinking models of feedback for learning: the challenge of design. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 38 (6), pp. 698-712. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2012.691462
Decision-making for feedback
Boud, D. and Molloy, E. 2012. Decision-making for feedback. in: Boud, D. and Molloy, E. (ed.) Feedback in Higher and Professional Education: Understanding it and doing it well London and New York Routledge. pp. 202-218
Written feedback: what is it good for and how can we do it well?
Jolly, B. and Boud, D. 2012. Written feedback: what is it good for and how can we do it well? in: Boud, D. and Molloy, E. (ed.) Feedback in Higher and Professional Education: Understanding it and doing it well London and New York Routledge. pp. 104-124
Changing conceptions of feedback
Molloy, E. and Boud, D. 2012. Changing conceptions of feedback. in: Boud, D. and Molloy, E. (ed.) Feedback in Higher and Professional Education: Understanding it and doing it well London and New York Routledge. pp. 11-33
What is the problem with feedback?
Boud, D. and Molloy, E. 2012. What is the problem with feedback? in: Boud, D. and Molloy, E. (ed.) Feedback in Higher and Professional Education: Understanding it and doing it well London and New York Routledge. pp. 1-10
Problematising practice-based education
Boud, D. 2012. Problematising practice-based education. in: Higgs, J., Barnett, R., Billett, S., Hutchings, M. and Trede, F. (ed.) Practice-Based Education: Perspectives and Strategies Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Sense Publishers. pp. 55-68
Learning organizational practices that persist, perpetuate and change: a Schatzkian view
Price, O., Johnsson, M., Scheeres, H., Boud, D. and Solomon, N. 2012. Learning organizational practices that persist, perpetuate and change: a Schatzkian view. in: Hager, P., Lee, A. and Reich, A. (ed.) Practice, Learning and Change: Practice-theory perspectives on professional learning Dordrecht Springer. pp. 233–247
Creating work: employee-driven innovation through work practice reconstruction
Price, O.M., Boud, D. and Scheeres, H. 2012. Creating work: employee-driven innovation through work practice reconstruction. in: Høyrup, S., Bonnafous-Boucher, M., Hasse, C., Lotz, M. and Møller, K. (ed.) Employee-driven innovation: A new approach London Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 77-91
Learning in-between, across and beyond workplace boundaries: possibilities for human resource development practice
Johnsson, M., Boud, D. and Solomon, N. 2012. Learning in-between, across and beyond workplace boundaries: possibilities for human resource development practice. International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management. 12 (1-2), pp. 61-76. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijhrdm.2012.044200
Re-thinking continuing professional development through changing metaphors and location in professional practices
Boud, D. and Hager, P. 2012. Re-thinking continuing professional development through changing metaphors and location in professional practices. Studies in Continuing Education. 34 (1), pp. 17-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/0158037X.2011.608656
Co-producing knowledge: negotiating the political.
Harman, K., Boud, D., Rooney, D., Solomon, N. and Leontios, M. 2003. Co-producing knowledge: negotiating the political. Journal of Vocational Education & Training 5th Conference. Greenwich, London 16 - 18 Jul 2003
From knowledge acquisition to knowledge production: issues with Australian honours curricula
Manathunga, C., Kiley, M., Boud, D. and Cantwell, R. 2012. From knowledge acquisition to knowledge production: issues with Australian honours curricula. Teaching in Higher Education. 17 (2), pp. 139-151. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2011.590981
Everyday learning at work: communities of practice in TAFE.
Leontios, M., Boud, D., Harman, K. and Rooney, D. 2003. Everyday learning at work: communities of practice in TAFE. The sixth Australian VET Research Association Conference : The Changing Face of VET. Australian Technology Park, Sydney, Australia 09 - 11 Apr 2003
Uncovering learning at work.
Boud, D., Solomon, N., Staron, M., Leontios, M., Rooney, D. and Harman, K. 2003. Uncovering learning at work. Sydney NSW Department of Education and Training/UTS.
Influences on the formation of academics: The role of the doctorate and structured development opportunities
Brew, A., Boud, D. and Un Namgung, S. 2011. Influences on the formation of academics: The role of the doctorate and structured development opportunities. Studies in Continuing Education. 33 (1), pp. 51-66. https://doi.org/10.1080/0158037X.2010.515575
Assessment of osteopaths: developing a capability-based approach to reviewing readiness to practice
Stone, C., Boud, D. and Hager, P. 2011. Assessment of osteopaths: developing a capability-based approach to reviewing readiness to practice. International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine. 14 (4), pp. 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2011.09.001
Honouring the incomparable: honours in Australian universities
Kiley, M., Boud, D., Manathunga, C. and Cantwell, R. 2011. Honouring the incomparable: honours in Australian universities. Higher Education. 62 (5), pp. 619-633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-011-9409-z
When is it OK to learn at work? The learning work of organisational practices
Scheeres, H., Solomon, N., Boud, D. and Rooney, D. 2010. When is it OK to learn at work? The learning work of organisational practices. Journal of Workplace Learning. 22 (1/2), pp. 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1108/13665621011012825
Researching workplace learning in Australia
Solomon, N. and Boud, D. 2010. Researching workplace learning in Australia. in: Malloch, M., Cairns, L., Evans, K. and O'Connor, B. (ed.) The SAGE Handbook of Workplace Learning London SAGE Publications. pp. 210-223
A community college's performance of ‘organisation’: it's a drag!
Rooney, D., Rhodes, C. and Boud, D. 2010. A community college's performance of ‘organisation’: it's a drag! Studies in the Education of Adults. 42 (1), pp. 18-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/02660830.2010.11661586
Towards an emergent view of learning work
Johnsson, M. and Boud, D. 2010. Towards an emergent view of learning work. International Journal of Lifelong Education. 29 (3), pp. 359-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601371003700683
Co-production and health system reform - from re-imagining to re-making
Dunston, R., Lee, A., Boud, D., Brodie, P. and Chiarella, M. 2009. Co-production and health system reform - from re-imagining to re-making. Australian Journal of Public Administration. 68 (1), pp. 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.2008.00608.x
Working out work: Integrated development practices in organizations
Chappell, C., Scheeres, H., Boud, D. and Rooney, D. 2009. Working out work: Integrated development practices in organizations. in: Field, J., Gallacher, J. and Ingram, R. (ed.) Researching Transitions in Lifelong Learning London and New York Routledge. pp. 175-188
Relocating reflection in the context of practice
Boud, D. 2009. Relocating reflection in the context of practice. in: Bradbury, H., Frost, N., Kilminster, S. and Zukas, M. (ed.) Beyond reflective practice: New approaches to professional lifelong learning London and New York Routledge. pp. 25-36
Re-making jobs: Enacting and learning work practices
Price, O.M., Scheeres, H. and Boud, D. 2009. Re-making jobs: Enacting and learning work practices. Vocations and Learning. 2 (3), pp. 217-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12186-009-9025-6
How can practice reshape assessment?
Boud, D. 2008. How can practice reshape assessment? in: Joughin, G. (ed.) Assessment, Learning and Judgement in Higher Education Dordrecht, Netherlands Springer. pp. 29-44
Changing pedagogy: vocational learning and assessment
Boud, D., Hawke, G. and Falchikov, N. 2008. Changing pedagogy: vocational learning and assessment. in: Murphy, P. and McCormick, R. (ed.) Knowledge and Practice: Representations and Identities London SAGE Publications. pp. 125-137
Changing practices of doctoral education
Boud, D. and Lee, A. 2008. Changing practices of doctoral education. London and New York Routledge.
From project supervision to advising: new conceptions of the practice
Boud, D. and Costley, C. 2007. From project supervision to advising: new conceptions of the practice. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 44 (2), pp. 119-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703290701241034
Putting doctoral education to work: challenges to academic practice
Boud, D. and Tennant, M. 2006. Putting doctoral education to work: challenges to academic practice. Higher Education Research & Development. 25 (3), pp. 293-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360600793093
The role of assessment in preparing for lifelong learning: problems and challenges
Falchikov, N. and Boud, D. 2007. The role of assessment in preparing for lifelong learning: problems and challenges. in: Haynes, A. and McDowell, L. (ed.) Balancing Dilemmas in Assessment and Learning in Contemporary Education London and New York Routledge. pp. 87-100
Developing assessment for informing judgement
Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. 2007. Developing assessment for informing judgement. in: Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. (ed.) Rethinking assessment for higher education: Learning for the longer term London Routledge. pp. 181-197
Assessment and emotion: the impact of being assessed
Falchikov, N. and Boud, D. 2007. Assessment and emotion: the impact of being assessed. in: Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. (ed.) Rethinking assessment for higher education: Learning for the longer term London Routledge. pp. 144-156
Reframing assessment as if learning was important
Boud, D. 2007. Reframing assessment as if learning was important. in: Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. (ed.) Rethinking assessment for higher education: Learning for the longer term London Routledge. pp. 14-26
Introduction: assessment for the longer term
Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. 2007. Introduction: assessment for the longer term. in: Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. (ed.) Rethinking assessment for higher education: Learning for the longer term London Routledge. pp. 3-13
Creating a ‘world class’ program: reciprocity and constraint in networked global collaboration
Boud, D., Dahlgren, L., Dahlgren, M., Larsson, S., Sork, T. and Walters, S. 2006. Creating a ‘world class’ program: reciprocity and constraint in networked global collaboration. International Journal of Lifelong Education. 25 (6), pp. 609-622. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370600989327
The in-between: exposing everyday learning at work
Solomon, N., Boud, D. and Rooney, D. 2006. The in-between: exposing everyday learning at work. International Journal of Lifelong Education. 25 (1), pp. 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370500309436
Combining work and learning: the disturbing challenge of practice
Boud, D. 2006. Combining work and learning: the disturbing challenge of practice. in: Edwards, R., Gallacher, J. and Whittaker, S. (ed.) Learning Outside the Academy: International Research Perspectives on Lifelong Learning London Routledge. pp. 77-89
Aligning assessment with long-term learning
Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. 2006. Aligning assessment with long-term learning. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 31 (4), pp. 399-413. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930600679050
'Aren’t we all learner-centred now?': the bittersweet flavour of success
Boud, D. 2005. 'Aren’t we all learner-centred now?': the bittersweet flavour of success. in: Ashwin, P. (ed.) Changing Higher Education: The Development of Learning and Teaching London Routledge. pp. 19-32
Assessment and the promotion of academic values
Boud, D. 1990. Assessment and the promotion of academic values. Studies in Higher Education. 15 (1), pp. 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079012331377621