Antiinflammatory and hepatoprotective medicinal herbs as potential substitutes for bear bile

Book chapter


Appiah, S., Revitt, D., Jones, H., Vu, M., Simmonds, M. and Bell, C. 2017. Antiinflammatory and hepatoprotective medicinal herbs as potential substitutes for bear bile. in: Zeng, B. and Zhao, K. (ed.) Neurobiology of Chinese Herb Medicine Elsevier.
Chapter titleAntiinflammatory and hepatoprotective medicinal herbs as potential substitutes for bear bile
AuthorsAppiah, S., Revitt, D., Jones, H., Vu, M., Simmonds, M. and Bell, C.
Abstract

Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly prescribe medicinal formulations relying on the purported synergism of a combination of plant species, sometimes incorporating animal parts and minerals. Bear bile, obtained from either wild or farmed bears, is a commonly used constituent of traditional medicine formulations. With several bear species now listed under Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora as threatened with extinction and with bear farming being actively campaigned against on ethical grounds, it is important to seek and promote alternatives to the use of bear bile as medicine. This chapter describes and evaluates the scientific data relating to the efficacy of bear bile and potential alternatives to its use, including the use of bile from other animal species, the use of synthetic chemical alternatives, and the use of herbal substitutes.
Scientific studies have confirmed the efficacy of bear bile as an antiinflammatory and a hepatoprotective agent. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), the active component of bear bile is used in a synthetic form in Western medicine and can serve as an alternative to bear bile in the treatment and management of certain cholestatic liver conditions. In TCM practice, bile from domesticated animal species (such as cattle, chicken, and pig) has been used as a substitute for bear bile. Following evaluation of TCM literature and pharmacological/clinical data, the authors propose six plant species, either as single herbs or in combination, Gardenia jasminoides (zhī zi; 栀子), Scutellaria baicalensis (huáng qín; 黄芩), Coptis chinensis (huáng lián, 黄连), Phellodendron amurense (huáng băi; 黄柏), Andrographis paniculata (chuan xin lian; 穿芯连), and Rheum palmatum (dà huang; 大簧), two medicinal Kampo formulations, Orengedokuto, Dia-Orengedokuto (which originated from traditional Chinese herbal formula Huanglian Jiedu Tang, 黃蓮解毒湯), and two individual phytochemicals (berberine and andrographolide) as alternatives to bear bile. The proposed herbal alternatives are frequently found listed in traditional formulations also containing bear bile, usually with different therapeutic roles ascribed to them. The existing evidence base for the effectiveness of herbal alternatives is sufficiently strong for TCM practitioners and consumers to consider using these without the addition of bear bile. This consideration is driven by the imperative to protect populations of bears from overexploitation in the wild and when farmed. However, for the identified alternatives to be accepted by users, it is essential that researchers and TCM practitioners collaborate effectively to initiate consumer behavior change.

Book titleNeurobiology of Chinese Herb Medicine
EditorsZeng, B. and Zhao, K.
PublisherElsevier
Academic Press
SeriesInternational Review of Neurobiology
ISBN
Hardcover9780128117798
ISSN0074-7742
Electronic2162-5514
Publication dates
Online04 Apr 2017
Print17 Aug 2017
Publication process dates
Deposited04 May 2017
Accepted14 Nov 2016
Output statusPublished
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2017.02.008
Web of Science identifierWOS:000414408000008
LanguageEnglish
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Revitt, D., Balogh, T. and Jones, H. 2015. Sorption behaviours and transport potentials for selected pharmaceuticals and triclosan in two sterilised soils. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 15 (3), pp. 594-606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-014-1025-y
The role of vitamin In type 2 diabetes
Ali, A., Appiah, S., Shah, A. and Ghali, L. 2014. The role of vitamin In type 2 diabetes. Middlesex University Postgraduate Summer Conference. London, UK 19 Jun 2014
Screening for Downs Syndrome pregnancy by mass spectral glycofingerprinting hCG-beta core in neat pregnancy urine.
Luttoo, J., Appiah, S., Butler, S. and Iles, R. 2009. Screening for Downs Syndrome pregnancy by mass spectral glycofingerprinting hCG-beta core in neat pregnancy urine. Middlesex University Postgraduate Summer Conference. London, UK
Impact of inulin on bile acids induced colon cancer: antioxidant and anti-proliferative effect of inulin on HCT 116 cell lines
Afolabi, B., Appiah, S., Pachenari, A. and Ghali, L. 2014. Impact of inulin on bile acids induced colon cancer: antioxidant and anti-proliferative effect of inulin on HCT 116 cell lines. Middlesex University Postgraduate Summer Conference. London, UK 19 Jun 2014
Impact of inulin on bile acids induced colon cancer
Afolabi, B., Appiah, S., Pachenari, A. and Ghali, L. 2013. Impact of inulin on bile acids induced colon cancer. Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research. National Harbor, MD, United States 18 - 22 Sep 2013
The treatability of emerging pollutants in urban stormwater best management practice (BMP) drainage systems
Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Lundy, L. 2013. The treatability of emerging pollutants in urban stormwater best management practice (BMP) drainage systems. Gas und Wasserfach Wasser Abwasser. 154 (S1), pp. 57-65.
The mechanisms of arsenic bioremediation from water by the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
Pantoja Munoz, L., Purchase, D., Jones, H., Feldmann, J. and Garelick, H. 2014. The mechanisms of arsenic bioremediation from water by the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. THE BNASS / TraceSpec Tandem Conference. Aberdeen, Scotland, UK 31 Aug - 04 Sep 2014
Soil mobility of surface applied polyaromatic hydrocarbons in response to simulated rainfall
Revitt, D., Balogh, T. and Jones, H. 2014. Soil mobility of surface applied polyaromatic hydrocarbons in response to simulated rainfall. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21 (6), pp. 4209-4219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2231-7
An impact assessment approach for car park runoff
Revitt, D., Lundy, L. and Ellis, J. 2014. An impact assessment approach for car park runoff. 13th International Conference on Urban Drainage. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia 07 - 12 Sep 2014
Enhanced determination of As-phytochelatin complexes in Chlorella vulgaris using focused sonication for extraction of water-soluble species
Pantoja Munoz, L., Purchase, D., Jones, H., Feldmann, J. and Garelick, H. 2014. Enhanced determination of As-phytochelatin complexes in Chlorella vulgaris using focused sonication for extraction of water-soluble species. Analytical Methods. 6 (3), pp. 791-797. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AY41629A
The removal of arsenate from water using iron-modified diatomite (D-Fe): isotherm and column experiments
Pantoja Munoz, L., Jones, H., Garelick, H., Mohamedbakr, H. and Burkitbayev, M. 2014. The removal of arsenate from water using iron-modified diatomite (D-Fe): isotherm and column experiments. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21 (1), pp. 495-506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1891-7
Heavy metal concentrations and toxicity in water and sediment from stormwater ponds and sedimentation tanks
Karlsson, K., Viklander, M., Lundy, L. and Revitt, D. 2010. Heavy metal concentrations and toxicity in water and sediment from stormwater ponds and sedimentation tanks. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 178 (1-3), pp. 612-618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.129
Development of Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Liquid Chromatography (ZICⓇHILIC-MS) metabolomics method for Shotgun analysis of human urine
Trivedi, D., Jones, H., Shah, A. and Iles, R. 2012. Development of Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Liquid Chromatography (ZICⓇHILIC-MS) metabolomics method for Shotgun analysis of human urine. Journal of Chromatography & Separation Techniques. 03 (06). https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7064.1000144
The urban water cycle approach in small development areas
Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Lundy, L. 2013. The urban water cycle approach in small development areas. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer. 166 (2), pp. 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1680/muen.12.00026
Presence and fate of priority substances in domestic greywater treatment and reuse systems
Donner, E., Eriksson, E., Revitt, D., Lundy, L., Holten Lützhøft, H., Ledin, A. and Urban Pollution Research Centre, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, United Kingdom. 2010. Presence and fate of priority substances in domestic greywater treatment and reuse systems. Science of the Total Environment. 408 (12), pp. 2444-2451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.02.033
Emission control strategies for short-chain chloroparaffins in two semi-hypothetical case cities
Eriksson, E., Revitt, D., Holten Lützhøft, H., Viavattene, C., Lundy, L. and Steen Mikkelsen, P. Rauch, S. and Morrison, G. (ed.) 2012. Emission control strategies for short-chain chloroparaffins in two semi-hypothetical case cities. Springer.
Water management in cities of the future using emission control strategies for priority hazardous substances
Eriksson, E., Revitt, D., Ledin, A., Lundy, L., Holten Lützhøft, H., Wickman, T. and Mikkelsen, P. 2011. Water management in cities of the future using emission control strategies for priority hazardous substances. Water Science & Technology. 64 (10), pp. 2109-2118. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.797
Evaluation of herbs as potential alternatives for bear bile and rhino horn used in traditional Chinese medicines: chemical and biological analysis.
Appiah, S. 2006. Evaluation of herbs as potential alternatives for bear bile and rhino horn used in traditional Chinese medicines: chemical and biological analysis. PhD thesis Middlesex University School of Health and Social Sciences
Technical note: effects of arsenate (AS5+) on growth and production of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCS) in Chlorella Vulgaris
Jiang, Y., Purchase, D., Jones, H. and Garelick, H. 2011. Technical note: effects of arsenate (AS5+) on growth and production of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCS) in Chlorella Vulgaris. International Journal of Phytoremediation. 13 (8), pp. 834-844. https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2010.525560
Identifying success factors in urban surface BMP implementation: mission impossible?
Ellis, J., Green, C. and Revitt, D. 2010. Identifying success factors in urban surface BMP implementation: mission impossible? NovaTech 2010, 7th International Conference on Sustainable Techniques and Strategies in Urban Water Management. Lyon, France 27 Jun - 01 Jul 2010
The application of a GIS-based BMP selection tool for the evaluation of hydrologic performance and storm flow reduction.
Viavattene, C., Ellis, J., Revitt, D., Sieker, H. and Peters, C. 2010. The application of a GIS-based BMP selection tool for the evaluation of hydrologic performance and storm flow reduction. NovaTech 2010, 7th International Conference on 'Sustainable techniques and strategies in Urban Water Management'. Lyon, France 27 Jun - 01 Jul 2010
Emission control strategies for short-chain chloroparaffins in two semi-hypothetical case cities
Eriksson, E., Revitt, D., Holten Lützhøft, H., Viavattene, C., Lundy, L. and Mikkelsen, P. 2010. Emission control strategies for short-chain chloroparaffins in two semi-hypothetical case cities. 10th Urban Environment Symposium; Urban Futures for a Sustainable World. Gothenburg, Sweden 09 - 11 Jun 2010
A risk assessment approach for prioritising stormwater control strategies.
Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Lundy, L. 2010. A risk assessment approach for prioritising stormwater control strategies. 1st European IAHR Congress. Edinburgh 04 - 06 May 2010
Remediation technologies for the removal of arsenic from water and wastewater
Garelick, H., Bollinger, J., Bux, K., Caussy, D., Dybowska, A., Ellis, J., Feldmann, J., Jones, H., Priest, N., Shevah, Y., Sneddon, R., Valsami-Jones, E. and Visoottiviseth, P. 2005. Remediation technologies for the removal of arsenic from water and wastewater. 43rd IUPAC General Assembly. Beijing, China 13 - 21 Aug 2005
Protection of the water environment using balancing facilities.
Mulhall, E. and Revitt, D. 2003. Protection of the water environment using balancing facilities. Environment Agency.
Towards a paradigm SWITCH: Integrating urban water management in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Nascimento, N., Heller, L., Ellis, J., Lundy, L., Revitt, D. and Champs, J. 2007. Towards a paradigm SWITCH: Integrating urban water management in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Novatech 2007, 6th International Conference on 'Sustainable techniques and strategies for urban water management'. Lyon, France 25 - 28 Jun 2007 pp. 373-380
Leaky sewers: assessing the hydrology and impact of exfiltration in urban sewers
Ellis, J., Revitt, D., Blackwood, D. and Gilmour, D. 2004. Leaky sewers: assessing the hydrology and impact of exfiltration in urban sewers. Webb, B., Acreman, M., Maksimovic, C., Smithers, H. and Kirby, C. (ed.) British Hydrological Society.
Urban stormwater source control in European countries: DayWater project.
Forster, M., Thevenot, D., Geldof, G., Svensson, G., Mikkelsen, P., Revitt, D., Aftias, E., Krejcik, J., Sieker, H., Legret, M. and Viklander, M. 2004. Urban stormwater source control in European countries: DayWater project. in: Chocat, B., Desbordes, M. and Brelot, E. (ed.) Sustainable technologies and strategies in urban water management. GRAIE.
DayWater: summary and future development.
Thevenot, D., Forster, M., Deutsch, J., Geldof, G., Svensson, G., Mikkelsen, P., Revitt, D., Aftias, E., Metelka, T., Sieker, H., Legret, M. and Viklander, M. 2008. DayWater: summary and future development. in: Thevenot, D. (ed.) DayWater: an adaptive decision support system for urban stormwater management. IWA Publishing. pp. 289-291
Assessment of stormwater ecotoxicity using a battery of biotests.
Lundy, L., Baun, A., Seidl, M., Eriksson, E., Revitt, D. and Mouchel, J. 2007. Assessment of stormwater ecotoxicity using a battery of biotests. in: Morrison, G. and Rauch, S. (ed.) Highway and urban environment: proceedings of the 8th highway and urban environment symposium. Springer.
Water pollution impacts of transport.
Revitt, D. 2004. Water pollution impacts of transport. in: Harrison, R. and Hester, R. (ed.) Transport and the environment. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 81-108
The influence of sewage solids and sewer sediments on rates of exfiltration from defects in sewers
Blackwood, D., Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Gilmour, D. 2004. The influence of sewage solids and sewer sediments on rates of exfiltration from defects in sewers. in: Chocat, B., Desbordes, M. and Brelot, E. (ed.) Sustainable technologies and strategies in urban water management GRAIE.
The use of multi-criteria analysis in decision support systems for the evaluation of urban surface drainage options.
Lundy, L., Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2004. The use of multi-criteria analysis in decision support systems for the evaluation of urban surface drainage options. ACTUI2004. Seminar on 'Decision support in the water industry under conditions of uncertainty’. University of Exeter, UK 24 - 25 Mar 2004
Pilot trials of a constructed wetland system for reducing the dissolved hydrocarbon in the runoff from a decommissioned oil refinery
Chapple, M., Cooper, P., Cooper, D. and Revitt, D. 2002. Pilot trials of a constructed wetland system for reducing the dissolved hydrocarbon in the runoff from a decommissioned oil refinery. 8th International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control. Arusha, Tanzania
Exfiltration from sewers - is it a serious problem?
Blackwood, D., Gilmour, D., Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Stainess, A. 2005. Exfiltration from sewers - is it a serious problem? 10th International Conference on Urban Drainage. Copenhagen, Denmark 21 - 26 Aug 2005
A comparison of pulse tracer dosing and continuous tracer dosing for the determination of sewer exfiltration.
Revitt, D., Ellis, J. and Paterakis, N. 2006. A comparison of pulse tracer dosing and continuous tracer dosing for the determination of sewer exfiltration. 2nd International IWA Conference on Sewer Operation and Maintenance. Vienna, Austria 26 - 28 Oct 2006
Source control options for reducing emission of priority pollutants from urban areas.
Mikkelsen, P., Lützhøft, H., Eriksson, E., Ledin, A., Donner, E., Lundy, L., Revitt, D., Lecloux, A., Wickman, T., Atanasova, N., Kompare, B. and Banovec, P. 2008. Source control options for reducing emission of priority pollutants from urban areas. 11th International Conference on Urban Drainage. Edinburgh, Scotland
Test and field applications of methods in the UK
Revitt, D., Ellis, J. and Paterakis, N. 2010. Test and field applications of methods in the UK. in: Ellis, J. and Bertrand-Krajewski, J. (ed.) Assessing Infiltration and Exfiltration on the Performance of Urban Sewer Systems (APUSS) London IWA Publishing. pp. 101-118
The exfiltration process and the colmation layer
Revitt, D., Ellis, J., Karpf, C. and Krebs, P. 2010. The exfiltration process and the colmation layer. in: Ellis, J. and Bertrand-Krajewski, J. (ed.) Assessing infiltration and exfiltration on the performance of urban sewer systems (APUSS) London IWA Publishing. pp. 61-70
Sediment impacts and exfiltration
Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2010. Sediment impacts and exfiltration. in: Ellis, J. and Bertrand-Krajewski, J. (ed.) Assessing infiltration and exfiltration on the performance of urban sewer systems (APUSS) London IWA Publishing. pp. 45-59
APUSS: assessing the significance of infiltration and exfiltration on the performance of urban sewer systems
Ellis, J., Bertrand-Krajewski, J., Revitt, D. and Rieckermann, J. 2010. APUSS: assessing the significance of infiltration and exfiltration on the performance of urban sewer systems. in: Ellis, J. and Bertrand-Krajewski, J. (ed.) Assessing Infiltration and Exfiltration on the Performance of Urban Sewer Systems (APUSS) London IWA Publishing. pp. 1-10
Herbalism and Osteoarthritis; methodological aspects of a small research study investigating herbal treatment outcomes, patient and practitioner viewpoints.
Bell, L., Bell, C., Chevallier, A., McDermott, A. and Adams, R. 1999. Herbalism and Osteoarthritis; methodological aspects of a small research study investigating herbal treatment outcomes, patient and practitioner viewpoints. British Sociological Association, Medical Sociology Group Conference. York, UK 24 - 26 Sep 1999
Herbal treatment for osteoarthritis: a pilot study investigating outcomes.
Bell, C., Bell, L., Chevallier, A. and Adams, R. 2003. Herbal treatment for osteoarthritis: a pilot study investigating outcomes. 10th Annual Symposium on Complementary Health Care. London, UK 21 - 22 Nov 2003
Investigation of the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbs traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases
Appiah, S., Kokubun, T., Bremner, P., Heinrich, M., Bell, C. and Simmonds, M. 2003. Investigation of the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbs traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases. 10th Annual Symposium on Complementary Health Care. London, UK 21 - 22 Nov 2003
Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of selected non-food plants traditionally used in the treatment of arthritis.
Pendry, B., Busia, K. and Bell, C. 2003. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of selected non-food plants traditionally used in the treatment of arthritis. 10th Annual Symposium on Complementary Health Care. London, UK 21 - 22 Nov 2003
A celebration of ten years of successful international cooperation and exchange between Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Middlesex University in London.
Bell, C. 2007. A celebration of ten years of successful international cooperation and exchange between Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Middlesex University in London. World symposium on TCM accupuncture & moxibustion: present and future of the Chinese traditional medicine in Europe.. Tarragona, Spain 22 - 24 Jun 2007 pp. 1-13
Herbal alternatives to bear bile: effects of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on IL-6 promoter and CYP3A4 activities.
Appiah, S., Bremner, P., Kokubun, T., Russell, M., Bell, C., Heinrich, M. and Simmonds, M. 2006. Herbal alternatives to bear bile: effects of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on IL-6 promoter and CYP3A4 activities. 13th Annual Symposium on Complementary Health Care. Exeter, UK 12 - 14 Dec 2006
Phytochemical Evaluation of Selected Anti-oxidant-Containing Medicinal Plants for Use in the Preparation of a herbal Formula – a Preliminary Study.
Pendry, B., Busia, K. and Bell, C. 2005. Phytochemical Evaluation of Selected Anti-oxidant-Containing Medicinal Plants for Use in the Preparation of a herbal Formula – a Preliminary Study. Chemistry and Biodiversity. 2 (7), pp. 917-922. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200590068
Plant substances as alternatives for animal products in traditional medicines.
Bell, C., Simmonds, M., Appiah, S. and Howes, M. 2006. Plant substances as alternatives for animal products in traditional medicines. London Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
Evaluation of student experience on an overseas placement: Students of Traditional Chinese Medicine on clinical placement at hospitals affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Bell, C. and Cunningham, S. 2006. Evaluation of student experience on an overseas placement: Students of Traditional Chinese Medicine on clinical placement at hospitals affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Journal of Health, Social and Environmental Issues. 7 (1), pp. 59-68.
Current influences on traditional Chinese medicine education in the UK: the experience of a collaborative programme between Middlesex University and Beijing University of chinese medicine.
Bell, C. and Cheng, M. 2005. Current influences on traditional Chinese medicine education in the UK: the experience of a collaborative programme between Middlesex University and Beijing University of chinese medicine. Journal of the Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Identifying and classifying the sources and uses of xenobiotics in urban environments
Donner, E., Eriksson, E., Holten Lützhøft, H., Lundy, L., Revitt, D. and Ledin, A. 2010. Identifying and classifying the sources and uses of xenobiotics in urban environments. in: Fatta-Kassinos, D., Bester, K. and Kümmerer, K. (ed.) Xenobiotics in the urban water cycle: mass flows, environmental processes, mitigation and treatment strategies. London Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
The management of urban surface water drainage in England and Wales.
Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2010. The management of urban surface water drainage in England and Wales. Water and Environment Journal. 24, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2009.00203.x
Water and health. [Chapter 6 of 'Sustainable water: chemical science priorities summary report']
Green, C., Donner, E., Faulkner, H., Garelick, H., Jones, H., Revitt, D. and Lundy, L. 2007. Water and health. [Chapter 6 of 'Sustainable water: chemical science priorities summary report']. Royal Society of Chemistry.
Pollutant biodegradation potentials on airport surfaces.
Revitt, D., Garelick, H. and Worrall, P. 2002. Pollutant biodegradation potentials on airport surfaces. in: Strecker, E. and Huber, W. (ed.) Global solutions for urban drainage. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).
Seasonal removal of herbicides in urban runoff
Revitt, D., Ellis, J. and Llewellyn, N. 2002. Seasonal removal of herbicides in urban runoff. Urban Water. 4 (1), pp. 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00062-0
Desorption kinetics of ammonium and methylamines from estuarine sediments: consequences for the cycling of nitrogen
Fitzsimons, M., Millward, G., Revitt, D. and Dawit, M. 2006. Desorption kinetics of ammonium and methylamines from estuarine sediments: consequences for the cycling of nitrogen. Marine Chemistry. 101 (1-2), pp. 12-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.12.006
Sustainable urban development and drainage.
Ellis, J., Lundy, L., Revitt, D. and Oldham, J. 2004. Sustainable urban development and drainage. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer. 157 (4), pp. 245-250. https://doi.org/10.1680/muen.2004.157.4.245
The DayWater decision support approach to the selection of sustainable drainage systems.
Ellis, J., Deutsch, J., Legret, M., Martin, C., Revitt, D., Lundy, L., Seiker, H. and Zimmerman, U. 2006. The DayWater decision support approach to the selection of sustainable drainage systems. Water Practice & Technology. 1 (1).
Multicriteria decision approaches to support sustainable drainage options for the treatment of highway and urban runoff
Ellis, J., Deutsch, J., Mouchel, J., Lundy, L. and Revitt, D. 2004. Multicriteria decision approaches to support sustainable drainage options for the treatment of highway and urban runoff. Science of the Total Environment. 334-35, pp. 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.04.066
Factors influencing exfiltration processes in sewers
Blackwood, D., Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Gilmour, D. 2005. Factors influencing exfiltration processes in sewers. Water Science & Technology. 51 (2), pp. 147-154.
Experimental studies of sewer exfiltration
Ellis, J., Revitt, D., Lister, P., Willgress, C. and Buckley, A. 2003. Experimental studies of sewer exfiltration. Water Science & Technology. 47 (4), pp. 61-67.
Low temperature biodegradation of airport de-icing fluids.
Revitt, D. and Worrall, P. 2003. Low temperature biodegradation of airport de-icing fluids. Water Science & Technology. 48 (9), pp. 103-111.
A comparison of carbonyl compound concentrations at urban roadside and indoor sites
Williams, I., Revitt, D. and Hamilton, R. 1996. A comparison of carbonyl compound concentrations at urban roadside and indoor sites. Science of the Total Environment. 189-90, pp. 475-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(96)05248-5
Remote sensing of carbon monoxide vehicle emissions
Muncaster, G., Hamilton, R. and Revitt, D. 1996. Remote sensing of carbon monoxide vehicle emissions. Science of the Total Environment. 189-90, pp. 149-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(96)05203-5
Mitigating arsenic pollution: bridging the gap between knowledge and practice
Garelick, H. and Jones, H. 2008. Mitigating arsenic pollution: bridging the gap between knowledge and practice. Chemistry International. 30 (4).
Constructed wetlands for flood prevention and water reuse
Shutes, B., Revitt, D. and Lundy, L. 2010. Constructed wetlands for flood prevention and water reuse. 12th International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control. Venice 04 - 08 Oct 2010
Sustainable stormwater management in the city of the future
Shutes, B., Revitt, D., Ellis, J. and Lundy, L. 2010. Sustainable stormwater management in the city of the future. International forum on construction of water system and waterfront living environment in urban areas.. Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Behaviour of water framework directive priority substances in stormwater and greywater treatment systems.
Donner, E., Revitt, D., Eriksson, E. and Lundy, L. 2009. Behaviour of water framework directive priority substances in stormwater and greywater treatment systems. Water Environment Federation Annual Conference (WEFTEC 2009) (Proceedings of). Orlando, Florida, USA 12 - 14 Oct 2009
Partitioning of European water framework directive priority substances in greywater treatment systems and implications for sludge management.
Donner, E., Eriksson, E., Lundy, L. and Revitt, D. 2009. Partitioning of European water framework directive priority substances in greywater treatment systems and implications for sludge management. SETAC Europe, 19th Annual Meeting (Proceedings of). Gothenburg, Sweden 31 May - 04 Jun 2009
Development of a database to support the assessment of potential source control and treatment options for priority pollutants.
Viavattene, C., Revitt, D., Lundy, L., Donner, E., Cerk, M., Eriksson, E. and Seriki, K. 2009. Development of a database to support the assessment of potential source control and treatment options for priority pollutants. SETAC Europe, 19th Annual Meeting (Proceedings of). Gothenburg, Sweden 31 May - 04 Jun 2009
The fate and behaviour of priority pollutants in end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants.
Revitt, D., Gasperi, J., Lundy, L. and Donner, E. 2009. The fate and behaviour of priority pollutants in end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. International Conference on Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle (Proceedings of). Paphos, Cyprus 11 - 13 Mar 2009
The xenobiotic impact of sedimentary metals in an urban river
Adeyemi, A., Lundy, L., Revitt, D., Jones, H. and Faulkner, H. 2009. The xenobiotic impact of sedimentary metals in an urban river. International Conference on Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle (Proceedings of). Paphos, Cyprus 11 - 13 Mar 2009
Implications of greywater treatment and recycling for municipal wastewater flows and pollutant loads.
Donner, E., Eriksson, E., Lundy, L. and Revitt, D. 2009. Implications of greywater treatment and recycling for municipal wastewater flows and pollutant loads. International Conference on Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle (Proceedings of). Paphos, Cyprus 11 - 13 Mar 2009
Presence and fate of priority substance dynamics in domestic greywater treatment and reuse systems.
Donner, E., Eriksson, E., Revitt, D., Lundy, L., Holten Lützhøft, H. and Ledin, A. 2008. Presence and fate of priority substance dynamics in domestic greywater treatment and reuse systems. 11th International Conference on Urban Storm Drainage. Edinburgh, Scotland 31 Aug - 05 Sep 2008
Assessment of the removal potentials of selected EU Water Framework Directive priority pollutants within stormwater Best Management Practices.
Lundy, L., Revitt, D., Donner, E., Holten Lützhøft, H. and Eriksson, E. 2008. Assessment of the removal potentials of selected EU Water Framework Directive priority pollutants within stormwater Best Management Practices. 11th International Conference on Storm Drainage (Proceedings of). Edinburgh, Scotland 31 Aug - 05 Sep 2008
A GIS based Decision Support System tool dedicated to the implementation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems.
Viavattene, C., Lundy, L., Revitt, D. and Ellis, J. 2008. A GIS based Decision Support System tool dedicated to the implementation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems. 11th International Conference on Storm Drainage (Proceedings of). Edinburgh, UK 31 Aug - 05 Sep 2008
Application of a battery of biotests for toxicity characterization of stormwater.
Baun, A., Seidl, M., Lundy, L., Aldheimer, G., Eriksson, E., Revitt, D. and Mouchel, J. 2008. Application of a battery of biotests for toxicity characterization of stormwater. in: Thevenot, D. (ed.) DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management. London IWA Publishing. pp. 215-221
The DayWater multi-criteria comparator.
Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Lundy, L. 2008. The DayWater multi-criteria comparator. in: Thevenot, D. (ed.) DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management. London IWA Publishing. pp. 87-96
The best management practice catalogue developed within the DayWater project.
Revitt, D., Lundy, L. and Ellis, J. 2008. The best management practice catalogue developed within the DayWater project. in: Thevenot, D. (ed.) DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management. London IWA Publishing. pp. 79-86
Assessment criteria for sustainable urban drainage systems.
Revitt, D., Lundy, L. and Ellis, J. 2008. Assessment criteria for sustainable urban drainage systems. in: Thevenot, D. (ed.) DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management. London IWA Publishing. pp. 65-78
Sewer exfiltration and the colmation layer
Ellis, J., Revitt, D., Vollertsen, J. and Blackwood, D. 2009. Sewer exfiltration and the colmation layer. Water Science & Technology. 59 (11), pp. 2273-2280. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.271
Quantifying diffuse pollution sources and loads for environmental quality standards in urban catchments.
Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2008. Quantifying diffuse pollution sources and loads for environmental quality standards in urban catchments. Water Air and Soil Pollution:Focus. 8, pp. 577-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11267-008-9175-9
Defining urban diffuse pollution loading and receiving water hazards.
Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2008. Defining urban diffuse pollution loading and receiving water hazards. Water Science & Technology. 57 (11), pp. 1817-1823. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.278
A pollutant removal prediction tool for stormwater derived diffuse pollution.
Revitt, D., Lundy, L. and Ellis, J. 2008. A pollutant removal prediction tool for stormwater derived diffuse pollution. Water Science & Technology. 57 (8), pp. 1257-1264. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.258
A systematic approach for the comparative assessment of stormwater pollutant removal potentials
Lundy, L., Revitt, D. and Ellis, J. 2008. A systematic approach for the comparative assessment of stormwater pollutant removal potentials. Journal of Environmental Management. 88 (3), pp. 467-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.03.003
Constructed wetland control of BOD levels in airport runoff
Adeola, S., Revitt, D., Shutes, B., Garelick, H., Jones, H. and Jones, C. 2009. Constructed wetland control of BOD levels in airport runoff. International Journal of Phytoremediation. 11 (1), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/15226510802363220
Effects of temperature on metal tolerance and the accumulation of Zn and Pb by metal-tolerant fungi isolated from urban runoff treatment wetlands
Purchase, D., Lundy, L., Revitt, D. and Shutes, B. 2009. Effects of temperature on metal tolerance and the accumulation of Zn and Pb by metal-tolerant fungi isolated from urban runoff treatment wetlands. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 106 (4), pp. 1163-1174. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04082.x
Selected stormwater priority pollutants - a European perspective
Eriksson, E., Baun, A., Lundy, L., Ledin, A., Ahlman, S., Revitt, D., Noutsopoulos, C. and Mikkelsen, P. 2007. Selected stormwater priority pollutants - a European perspective. Science of the Total Environment. 383 (1-3), pp. 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.05.028
A systematic approach for the comparative assessment of stormwater pollutant removal potential
Lundy, L., Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2007. A systematic approach for the comparative assessment of stormwater pollutant removal potential. Journal of Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.03.003
Comparison of tracer techniques for monitoring sewer losses.
Revitt, D., Ellis, J. and Paterakis, N. 2006. Comparison of tracer techniques for monitoring sewer losses. Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 8 (5), pp. 564-571. https://doi.org/10.1039/b600522e
Effects of early tidal inundation on the cycling of methylamines in inter-tidal sediments.
Revitt, D., Dawit, M., Fitzsimons, M. and Rocha, C. 2005. Effects of early tidal inundation on the cycling of methylamines in inter-tidal sediments. Marine Ecology Progress Series. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps294051
Constructed wetlands in UK urban surface drainage systems.
Lundy, L., Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Shutes, R. 2005. Constructed wetlands in UK urban surface drainage systems. Water Science & Technology. 51 (9), pp. 31-37.
The integration of constructed wetlands into a new treatment system for airport runoff.
Revitt, D., Brewer, D. and Worrall, P. 2001. The integration of constructed wetlands into a new treatment system for airport runoff. Water Science & Technology. 44 (11-12), pp. 469-476.
Sewer losses and interactions with groundwater quality.
Ellis, J. and Revitt, D. 2002. Sewer losses and interactions with groundwater quality. Water Science & Technology. 45 (3), pp. 195-202.
Case Reports: Arsenic pollution in Thailand, Bangladesh and Hungary
Jones, H., Visoottiviseth, P., Bux, M., Földényi, R., Kováts, N., Borbély, G. and Galbács, Z. 2008. Case Reports: Arsenic pollution in Thailand, Bangladesh and Hungary. in: Garelick, H. and Jones, H. (ed.) Reviews of Environmental Contamination New York Springer.
Factors influencing subjective ranking of driver distractions
Patel, J., Ball, D. and Jones, H. 2008. Factors influencing subjective ranking of driver distractions. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 40 (1), pp. 392-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.07.006
Arsenic pollution sources
Garelick, H., Jones, H., Dybowska, A. and Valsami-Jones, E. 2008. Arsenic pollution sources. in: Garelick, H. and Jones, H. (ed.) Reviews of environmental contamination: international perspectives on arsenic pollution and remediation New York Springer.
The role of constructed wetlands in cities of the future. A strategy for creating ‘utopia’
Shutes, B., Revitt, D., Ellis, J. and Lundy, L. 2008. The role of constructed wetlands in cities of the future. A strategy for creating ‘utopia’. 11th International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control. Indore, India 01 - 07 Nov 2008
An investigation of urban water and sediment ecotoxicity in relation to metal concentrations
Lundy, L., Mensah, R., Revitt, D. and Jones, H. 2007. An investigation of urban water and sediment ecotoxicity in relation to metal concentrations. Morrison, G. and Rauch, S. (ed.) 8th Highway and Urban Environment Symposium (8HUES). Nicosia, Cyprus 12 - 14 Jun 2006 Springer. pp. 359-370 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6010-6_32
Resistance to three antimicrobial agents of Campylobacter isolated from organically- and intensively-reared chickens purchased from retail outlets
Soonthornchaikul, N., Garelick, H., Jones, H., Jacobs, J., Ball, D. and Choudhury, M. 2006. Resistance to three antimicrobial agents of Campylobacter isolated from organically- and intensively-reared chickens purchased from retail outlets. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 27 (2), pp. 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.020
Follicular fluid levels of inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A levels reflect changes in follicle size but are not independent markers of the oocyte's ability to fertilize
Wen, S., Tozer, A., Butler, S., Bell, C., Docherty, S. and Iles, R. 2006. Follicular fluid levels of inhibin A, inhibin B, and activin A levels reflect changes in follicle size but are not independent markers of the oocyte's ability to fertilize. Fertility and Sterility. 85 (6), pp. 1723-1729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.11.058
The performance of vegetative treatment systems for highway runoff during dry and wet weather conditions
Revitt, D., Forshaw, M., Jones, H. and Shutes, B. 2004. The performance of vegetative treatment systems for highway runoff during dry and wet weather conditions. Science of the Total Environment. 334-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.04.046
Guidance manual for constructed wetlands
Ellis, J., Shutes, B. and Revitt, D. 2003. Guidance manual for constructed wetlands. Environment Agency.
Constructed wetlands and links with sustainable drainage systems
Ellis, J., Shutes, B. and Revitt, D. 2003. Constructed wetlands and links with sustainable drainage systems. Environment Agency.
Overcoming the dark side: issues and protocols for urban stormwater wetland operation and maintenance
Ellis, J., Revitt, D. and Shutes, B. 2003. Overcoming the dark side: issues and protocols for urban stormwater wetland operation and maintenance. 2nd National UK Conference on Sustainable Drainage. Coventry, UK 23 - 24 Jun 2003
Practical experiences of the use of vegetated ponds for the treatment of highway runoff
Revitt, D., Shutes, B., Jones, H., Forshaw, M. and Winter, B. 2003. Practical experiences of the use of vegetated ponds for the treatment of highway runoff. Pratt, C., Davies, J., Newman, A. and Perry, J. (ed.) 2nd National UK Conference on Sustainable Drainage. Coventry, UK 23 - 24 Jun 2003 School of Science and the Environment, Coventry University. pp. 19-29
Hydrocarbon removal in an experimental gravel bed constructed wetland
Shutes, B., Katima, J., Omari, K., Revitt, D. and Garelick, H. 2003. Hydrocarbon removal in an experimental gravel bed constructed wetland. Water Science & Technology. 48 (5), pp. 275-282. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0333
An experimental constructed wetland system for the treatment of highway runoff in the UK
Shutes, B., Revitt, D., Lundy, L., Forshaw, M. and Winter, B. 2001. An experimental constructed wetland system for the treatment of highway runoff in the UK. Water Science & Technology. 44 (11), pp. 571-578.
The removal of urban pollutants by constructed wetlands during wet weather
Scholes, L., Shutes, R., Revitt, D., Purchase, D. and Forshaw, M. 1999. The removal of urban pollutants by constructed wetlands during wet weather. Water Science & Technology. 40 (3), pp. 333-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00467-9
The microbiology associated with glycol removal in constructed wetlands
Chong, S., Garelick, H., Revitt, D., Shutes, B., Worrall, P. and Brewer, D. 1999. The microbiology associated with glycol removal in constructed wetlands. Water Science & Technology. 40 (3), pp. 99-107. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0145
The treatment of metals in urban runoff by constructed wetlands
Scholes, L., Shutes, R., Revitt, D., Forshaw, M. and Purchase, D. 1998. The treatment of metals in urban runoff by constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment. 214 (1-3), pp. 211-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00072-2