48 adaptations in golf swing performance following 16-week strength training intervention in elite golfers

Introduction
Clubhead speed (CHS) and driving distance are key determinants of elite golf performance, yet evidence from elite cohorts remains limited. This study examined whether a 16-week progressive heavy-resistance training program could improve golf swing performance in elite golfers.

Methods
Forty elite golfers affiliated with the Danish National Team were allocated to intervention (INT; 14 men, 15 women) or control (CON; 6 men, 5 women). INT completed four resistance-training sessions per week (progressing from ~12RM to 5RM) for 16 weeks, while CON maintained habitual training. Golf-specific performance was assessed pre- and post-intervention indoors using TrackMan radar. Physical performance was evaluated via isometric mid-thigh pull, isometric bench press, countermovement jump, and trunk rotational power.

Results
Following the intervention, INT men improved driver CHS and total driving distance by ≈4%, while INT women increased CHS by ≈4% and total driving distance by ≈6%. Similar relative gains were observed for 6-iron CHS and distance. Maximal strength and power also improved in INT, with increases in lower- and upper-body maximal force, countermovement jump variables, and rotational peak power across sexes. No changes were observed in CON.

Conclusion
A 16-week progressive heavy-resistance program enhanced driver and 6-iron CHS and total distance and improved maximal strength and power in elite male and female golfers compared with controls. These findings support including targeted strength training to improve golf swing performance in elite golfers.