Is there a performance-injury conflict between maximum horizontal deceleration and surrogates of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury?
Article
Lin, J., Dos'Santos, T., Li, W., Wang, X. and Turner, A. 2025. Is there a performance-injury conflict between maximum horizontal deceleration and surrogates of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury? European Journal of Sport Science. 25 (8). https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.70014
| Type | Article |
|---|---|
| Title | Is there a performance-injury conflict between maximum horizontal deceleration and surrogates of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury? |
| Authors | Lin, J., Dos'Santos, T., Li, W., Wang, X. and Turner, A. |
| Abstract | This study aimed to examine the biomechanical determinants of horizontal deceleration and their correlations with non-contact ACL injury surrogates (e.g., knee joint moments). Thirty-two male team-sport players (Age: 21.85 ± 0.33 yrs; Height: 1.80 ± 0.11 m; Mass: 71.28 ± 1.39 kg) performed horizontal deceleration following 15 m sprints. Lower limb kinetics and kinematics of the first braking step were collected using 3D motion and force plates, and deceleration was assessed using radar gun. The Pearson correlation was used to determine correlations between selected variables and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Greater peak and mean horizontal deceleration were significantly correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with greater mean horizontal braking GRF (r = 0.52 and 0.41) and greater mean horizontal braking GRF ratio (r = 0.43 and 0.48). Greater knee joint loading (knee flexion moment, knee abduction moment, and knee internal rotation moment) were significantly correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with greater peak and mean vertical braking GRF (r = 0.30-0.41) and greater peak resultant braking GRF (r = 0.33-0.48). There were non-significant correlations between mean and peak deceleration and knee joint loading variables (p > 0.05). Therefore, deceleration strategies that emphasize greater horizontal and posteriorly orientated forces during the first contact of deceleration appear effective for facilitating more effective deceleration, without concomitant increases in the loading of non-contact ACL injury surrogates. |
| Keywords | biomechanical determinants; deceleration; knee; noncontact ACL injury |
| Sustainable Development Goals | 3 Good health and well-being |
| Middlesex University Theme | Health & Wellbeing |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| Journal | European Journal of Sport Science |
| ISSN | 1746-1391 |
| Electronic | 1536-7290 |
| Publication dates | |
| Online | 18 Jul 2025 |
| Aug 2025 | |
| Publication process dates | |
| Submitted | 10 Jan 2025 |
| Accepted | 24 Jun 2025 |
| Deposited | 08 Jul 2025 |
| Output status | Published |
| Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
| Copyright Statement | © 2025 The Author(s). European Journal of Sport Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science. |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.70014 |
| Language | English |
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Read, P.J., Davies, W.T., Bishop, C., Mc Auliffe, S., Wilson, M.G. and Turner, A. 2023. Residual deficits in reactive strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in soccer players. Journal of Athletic Training. 58 (5), pp. 423-429. https://doi.org/10.4085/0169-20But did my athlete improve!? Assessing performance changes when N = 1
Turner, A. 2022. But did my athlete improve!? Assessing performance changes when N = 1. Professional Strength and Conditioning. (63), pp. 27-31.The effects of training interventions on inter-limbs asymmetries: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Bettariga, F., Turner, A., Maloney, S., Maestroni, L., Jarvis, P. and Bishop, C. 2022. The effects of training interventions on inter-limbs asymmetries: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 44 (5), pp. 69-86. https://doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0000000000000701Assessing the prevalence and risk of disordered eating in female netball players
Paice, K., Curtis, C., Papadopoulos, K., Turner, A. and Wilson, L. 2022. Assessing the prevalence and risk of disordered eating in female netball players. BASES conference 2022. Leicester, UK 15 - 16 Nov 2022 Taylor & Francis (Routledge). pp. 32-32 https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2125766Do people with musculoskeletal pain differ from healthy cohorts in terms of global measures of strength? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Verdini, E., Maestroni, L., Clark, M., Turner, A. and Huber, J. 2022. Do people with musculoskeletal pain differ from healthy cohorts in terms of global measures of strength? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1177/02692155221128724Validity and reliability of strategy metrics to assess countermovement jump performance using the newly developed My Jump Lab smartphone application
Bishop, C., Jarvis, P., Turner, A. and Balsalobre-Fernández, C. 2022. Validity and reliability of strategy metrics to assess countermovement jump performance using the newly developed My Jump Lab smartphone application. Journal of Human Kinetics. 83, pp. 185-195. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2022-0098Assessing eccentric hamstring strength using the Nordbord: between-session reliability and inter-limb asymmetries in professional soccer players
Bishop, C., Manuel, J., Drury, B., Beato, M. and Turner, A. 2022. Assessing eccentric hamstring strength using the Nordbord: between-session reliability and inter-limb asymmetries in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 36 (9), pp. 2552-2557. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000004303Intra- and inter-day reliability of weightlifting variables and correlation to performance during cleans
Sorensen, A., Chavda, S., Comfort, P., Lake, J. and Turner, A. 2022. Intra- and inter-day reliability of weightlifting variables and correlation to performance during cleans. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 36 (11), pp. 3008-3014. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000004241Reverse engineering in strength and conditioning: applications to agility training
Turner, A., Read, P., Maestroni, L., Chavda, S., Yao, X., Papadopoulos, K., Virgile, A., Spiegelhalter, A. and Bishop, C. 2022. Reverse engineering in strength and conditioning: applications to agility training. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 44 (4), pp. 85-94. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000681Magnitude or direction? Seasonal variation of interlimb asymmetry in elite academy soccer players
Bishop, C., Read, P., Chavda, S., Jarvis, P., Brazier, J., Bromley, T. and Turner, A. 2022. Magnitude or direction? Seasonal variation of interlimb asymmetry in elite academy soccer players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 36 (4), pp. 1031-1037. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003565The association between Interlimb asymmetry and athletic performance tasks: a season long study in elite academy soccer players
Bishop, C., Read, P., Bromley, T., Brazier, J., Jarvis, P., Chavda, S. and Turner, A. 2022. The association between Interlimb asymmetry and athletic performance tasks: a season long study in elite academy soccer players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 36 (3), pp. 787-795. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003526The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games
Sparkes, W., Turner, A., Weston, M., Russell, M., Johnson, M. and Kilduff, L. 2021. The between-week reliability of neuromuscular, endocrine, and mood markers in soccer players and the repeatability of the movement demands during small-sided games. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.21.12993-7Reactive strength index and its associations with measures of physical and sports performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Jarvis, P., Turner, A., Read, P. and Bishop, C. 2021. Reactive strength index and its associations with measures of physical and sports performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 52 (2), pp. 301-330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01566-yEffects of strength training on jump performance and bilateral deficit in Premier League academy soccer players
Bishop, C., Abbott, W., Brashill, C., Read, P., Loturco, I., Beato, M. and Turner, A. 2021. Effects of strength training on jump performance and bilateral deficit in Premier League academy soccer players. Professional Strength and Conditioning. (62), pp. 7-14.Practices of strength and conditioning coaches in professional sports: A systematic review
Weldon, A., Duncan, M., Turner, A., Lockie, R. and Loturco, I. 2022. Practices of strength and conditioning coaches in professional sports: A systematic review. Biology of Sport. 39 (3), pp. 715-726. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.107480A framework to guide practitioners when selecting metrics during the countermovement and drop jump tests
Bishop, C., Turner, A., Jordan, M., Harry, J., Loturco, I., Lake, J. and Comfort, P. 2022. A framework to guide practitioners when selecting metrics during the countermovement and drop jump tests. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 44 (4), pp. 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000677The physical characteristics underpinning performance of wheelchair fencing athletes: a Delphi study of Paralympic coaches
Villiere, A., Mason, B., Parmar, N., Maguire, N., Holmes, D. and Turner, A. 2021. The physical characteristics underpinning performance of wheelchair fencing athletes: a Delphi study of Paralympic coaches. Journal of Sports Sciences. 39 (17), pp. 2006-2014. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2021.1912454Optimal training sequences to develop lower body force, velocity, power, and jump height: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Marshall, J., Bishop, C., Turner, A. and Haff, G. 2021. Optimal training sequences to develop lower body force, velocity, power, and jump height: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 51 (6), pp. 1245-1271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01430-zAssessing group-based changes in high-performance sport. Part 2: effect sizes and embracing uncertainty through confidence intervals
Turner, A., Parmar, N., Jovonoski, A. and Hearne, G. 2021. Assessing group-based changes in high-performance sport. Part 2: effect sizes and embracing uncertainty through confidence intervals. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 43 (4), pp. 68-77. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000613Relationships between physical capacities and biomechanical variables during movement tasks in athletic populations following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Luca, M., Papadopoulos, K., Turner, A., Korakakis, V. and Read, P. 2021. Relationships between physical capacities and biomechanical variables during movement tasks in athletic populations following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Physical Therapy in Sport. 48, pp. 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.01.006Assessing group-based changes in high-performance sport. Part 1: null hypothesis significance testing and the utility of p values
Turner, A., Parmar, N., Jovonoski, A. and Hearne, G. 2021. Assessing group-based changes in high-performance sport. Part 1: null hypothesis significance testing and the utility of p values. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 43 (3), pp. 112-116. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000625Implementing strength training strategies for injury prevention in soccer: scientific rationale and methodological recommendations
Beato, M., Maroto, S., Turner, A. and Bishop, C. 2021. Implementing strength training strategies for injury prevention in soccer: scientific rationale and methodological recommendations. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 16 (3), pp. 456-461. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0862Developing powerful athletes part 2: practical applications
Turner, A., Comfort, P., McMahon, J., Bishop, C., Chavda, S., Read, P., Mundy, P. and Lake, J. 2021. Developing powerful athletes part 2: practical applications. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 43 (1), pp. 23-31. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000544Unilateral isometric squat: test reliability, interlimb asymmetries, and relationships with limb dominance
Bishop, C., Read, P., Lake, J., Loturco, I., Dawes, J., Madruga, M., Romero-Rodrigues, D., Chavda, S. and Turner, A. 2021. Unilateral isometric squat: test reliability, interlimb asymmetries, and relationships with limb dominance. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 35, pp. S144-S151. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003079Cold water immersion offers no functional or perceptual benefit compared to a sham intervention during a resistance training program
Wilson, L., Dimitriou, L., Hills, F., Gondek, M., Van Wyk, A., Turek, V., Rivkin, T., Villiere, A., Jarvis, P., Miller, S., Turner, A. and Cockburn, E. 2021. Cold water immersion offers no functional or perceptual benefit compared to a sham intervention during a resistance training program. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 35 (10), pp. 2720-2727. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000004097